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Questions and Answers
Which elements are commonly found in proteins?
Which elements are commonly found in proteins?
- Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorus, Calcium (correct)
- Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminum, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine
- Potassium, Calcium, Scandium, Titanium, Vanadium, Chromium, Manganese
- Helium, Lithium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine
What are the simplest structural units of protein molecules?
What are the simplest structural units of protein molecules?
- Amino acids (correct)
- Polysaccharides
- Nucleic acids
- Lipids
What does the human body produce a large number of through metabolism?
What does the human body produce a large number of through metabolism?
- Different amino acids (correct)
- Lipids
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
Which group of organic compounds do amino acids belong to?
Which group of organic compounds do amino acids belong to?
What are essential amino acids?
What are essential amino acids?
What is the function of blood circulation in relation to proteins?
What is the function of blood circulation in relation to proteins?
Which type of amino acids can the body produce but in insufficient quantities?
Which type of amino acids can the body produce but in insufficient quantities?
What is the main function of albumins in the body?
What is the main function of albumins in the body?
Which type of proteins dissolve in water but do not coagulate with heat and play a role in genetic transfer?
Which type of proteins dissolve in water but do not coagulate with heat and play a role in genetic transfer?
Which type of complex proteins have undergone partial degradation, such as the decomposition of proteins into proteases and proteoses into peptones?
Which type of complex proteins have undergone partial degradation, such as the decomposition of proteins into proteases and proteoses into peptones?
Which type of proteins result from the union of a protein with nucleic acid?
Which type of proteins result from the union of a protein with nucleic acid?
Which group of blood proteins can be used to help diagnose liver damage or disease, kidney disease, autoimmune disorders, and certain types of cancer?
Which group of blood proteins can be used to help diagnose liver damage or disease, kidney disease, autoimmune disorders, and certain types of cancer?
Which amino acid has its chemical reactions disrupted due to a change in its structure?
Which amino acid has its chemical reactions disrupted due to a change in its structure?
What is the main function of globulins in the body?
What is the main function of globulins in the body?
Which type of proteins can be combined with other substances resulting in glycoproteins?
Which type of proteins can be combined with other substances resulting in glycoproteins?
Which type of proteins are normal amino acids that the body can produce or take from food?
Which type of proteins are normal amino acids that the body can produce or take from food?
What are the main components of proteins?
What are the main components of proteins?
What is the role of amino acids in the body?
What is the role of amino acids in the body?
What characterizes essential amino acids?
What characterizes essential amino acids?
In what form do amino acids enter the blood circulation?
In what form do amino acids enter the blood circulation?
What do cells choose from the 'cell pool' to build necessary proteins?
What do cells choose from the 'cell pool' to build necessary proteins?
What are proteoses, peptones, and polypeptides in relation to protein molecules?
What are proteoses, peptones, and polypeptides in relation to protein molecules?
Which type of proteins are complex proteins that have undergone partial degradation, such as the decomposition of proteins into proteases and proteoses into peptones?
Which type of proteins are complex proteins that have undergone partial degradation, such as the decomposition of proteins into proteases and proteoses into peptones?
What type of proteins result from the union of a protein with nucleic acid?
What type of proteins result from the union of a protein with nucleic acid?
Which amino acid has its chemical reactions disrupted due to a change in its structure?
Which amino acid has its chemical reactions disrupted due to a change in its structure?
What is the main function of albumins in the body?
What is the main function of albumins in the body?
Which type of amino acids can the body produce but in insufficient quantities?
Which type of amino acids can the body produce but in insufficient quantities?
What are the nature of the decomposition products of simple proteins?
What are the nature of the decomposition products of simple proteins?
What is the main role of globulins in the body?
What is the main role of globulins in the body?
Which group of blood proteins can be used to help diagnose liver damage or disease, kidney disease, autoimmune disorders, and certain types of cancer?
Which group of blood proteins can be used to help diagnose liver damage or disease, kidney disease, autoimmune disorders, and certain types of cancer?
Which type of proteins dissolve in water but do not coagulate with heat?
Which type of proteins dissolve in water but do not coagulate with heat?
What type of proteins are soluble in acids, alkalis and salt solutions, but do not dissolve in water?
What type of proteins are soluble in acids, alkalis and salt solutions, but do not dissolve in water?
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Study Notes
- Proteins are organic materials commonly found in animal protoplasm and among living matter.
- Proteins consist of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), phosphorus (PH), calcium (Ca), and other elements.
- Protein molecules are complex, made up of amino acids as their simplest structural units.
- Amino acids are the main building blocks of proteins and peptides, consisting of an amine group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH).
- Essential amino acids (valine, leucine, tryptophan) cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained through food.
- Semi-essential amino acids (histidine, arginine) can be produced by the body but in insufficient quantities.
- Non-essential amino acids make up the rest of the amino acids.
- Simple proteins decompose into three types: histones (main component of chromosomes, dissolve in water but not diluted ammonia), albumins (dissolve in water, coagulate with heat, found in blood serum), and globulins (soluble in acids, alkalis, and salt solutions but not water, produced in the liver by the immune system).
- Protamine dissolves in water but does not coagulate with heat, plays a significant role in transferring genetic characteristics and regulating biological reactions.
- Conjugated proteins involve simple proteins combined with other substances, with three types: glycoproteins (proteins bound with carbohydrates), nucleoproteins (proteins united with nucleic acid), and lipoproteins (proteins combined with fat).
- Derived proteins are complex proteins that undergo partial degradation, including proteoses, peptones, and proteases.
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