Proteins and Amino Acids Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the structure of an amino acid?

  • Alpha carbon, hydroxyl group, ester group, specific side chain
  • Beta carbon, amine group, carbonyl group, similar side chain
  • Alpha carbon, amino group, carboxyl group, unique side chain (correct)
  • Gamma carbon, amide group, carboxylic acid group, distinct side chain

    • What happens when two amino acids join together?

  • An elimination reaction occurs
  • A condensation reaction occurs (correct)
  • A reduction reaction takes place
  • An oxidation reaction happens

    • What do proteins essentially consist of?

  • Fatty acids forming micelles
  • Nucleotides linked together in a double helix
  • Polypeptides made up of thousands of amino acids in a single chain (correct)
  • Simple sugars bonded in a branched structure

    • Which molecules are the building blocks of proteins?

    <p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What roles do proteins play in the body?

    <p>Catalyzing reactions, forming tissues, acting as antibodies, transporting materials, controlling gene activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when multiple amino acids join together?

    <p>Polypeptides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which play crucial roles in the body such as catalyzing reactions, forming tissues, acting as antibodies, transporting materials, and controlling gene activity.
    • Proteins are made of smaller molecules called amino acids, each with a specific structure consisting of an alpha carbon with an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a unique side chain.
    • There are 20 common amino acids with different side chains, and when two amino acids join together, a condensation reaction occurs where a water molecule is expelled, forming a dipeptide.
    • Multiple amino acids joined together form polypeptides, and proteins are essentially polypeptides made up of thousands of amino acids in a single chain.
    • Common questions related to proteins and amino acids include the functions of proteins in the body, sketching the structure of an amino acid, explaining the differences among the 20 common amino acids, describing how amino acids join together in a condensation reaction, and defining a polypeptide as a chain of more than 50 amino acids.

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    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of proteins and amino acids, the basic units essential for various functions in the body. Learn about the structure of amino acids, the formation of dipeptides through condensation reactions, and how polypeptides are the building blocks of proteins.

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