13 Questions
What are the building units of proteins?
Amino acids
How many amino acids are occurring in the human body?
20
Which amino acids differ from each other by the R-groups?
All amino acids except glycine and proline
Based on what are amino acids chemically classified?
Solubility and ionization in aqueous solution at physiological pH
Which amino acid is not of the L- α amino acid except category?
Glycine
What are the organic acids that contain hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a side-chain (R group), all attached to the α-carbon?
Amino acids
Which type of amino acids have side chains that contain hydrocarbon or alkyl side chains?
Non-Polar (hydrophobic) amino acids
Which amino acid has a side chain with a sulphur group but ends with CH3?
Methionine
Which type of amino acids prefer to function in an aqueous environment?
Polar positively charged amino acids
Which amino acids give rise to acetate or acetoacetate on catabolism?
Ketogenic amino acids
Which type of nitrogen balance occurs when nitrogen loss exceeds incorporation?
Negative nitrogen balance
Which type of amino acids must be supplied in the diet because they cannot be synthesized in the human body?
Essential (indispensable) amino acids
Which type of amino acids have side chains that are in the interior of the protein molecule?
Non-Polar (hydrophobic) amino acids
Study Notes
Proteins and Amino Acids
- Amino acids are the building units of proteins.
- There are 20 amino acids that occur in the human body.
- Amino acids differ from each other by their R-groups.
- Amino acids are chemically classified based on the properties of their R-groups.
- Glycine is the only amino acid that is not of the L-α amino acid except category.
- Amino acids are organic acids that contain a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a side-chain (R group), all attached to the α-carbon.
- Non-polar amino acids have side chains that contain hydrocarbon or alkyl side chains.
- Methionine has a side chain with a sulphur group that ends with CH3.
- Hydrophilic amino acids prefer to function in an aqueous environment.
- Ketogenic amino acids give rise to acetate or acetoacetate on catabolism.
- A negative nitrogen balance occurs when nitrogen loss exceeds incorporation.
- Essential amino acids must be supplied in the diet because they cannot be synthesized in the human body.
- Hydrophobic amino acids have side chains that are in the interior of the protein molecule.
Test your knowledge of biochemistry with this quiz covering the structure, classification, organization, folding, and functions of amino acids and proteins. Explore medically and structurally important proteins and understand the concept of proteins of high and low biological value.
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