Protein Synthesis Overview

<p>To signal the end of a protein chain and terminate translation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It marks the start of the translation process, and it codes for the amino acid methionine. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multiple codons can code for the same amino acid. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Commaless (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ambiguous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The reading frame is altered, changing the amino acid sequence from that point. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA polymerase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Messenger RNA (mRNA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide structural support and attachment sites in ribosomes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>80S (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It leads to the production of Ser Pro Met Ala. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All three types: mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcription occurs in the nucleus in eukaryotes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA processing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pre-mRNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mature mRNA exits the nucleus for translation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Translation occurs in the ribosome immediately after transcription. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryotic DNA exists in a circular form and is naked. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is modified through RNA processing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcription and translation occur simultaneously due to the lack of a nuclear envelope. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process where RNA is decoded to produce a specific amino acid sequence.

A sequence of three nucleotide bases in mRNA that codes for an amino acid.

A set of rules that defines how nucleotide sequences correspond to amino acids.

The codon that signals the start of translation, usually AUG.

Codons that signal the end of protein synthesis (UAG, UGA, UAA).

Each codon corresponds to a single specific amino acid.

A single amino acid can be coded by multiple codons.

The genetic code is read in separate codons, not overlapping.

The process of copying DNA to produce mRNA.

Cells without a nucleus where transcription and translation occur simultaneously.

Cells with a nucleus where transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation happens in the cytoplasm.

The initial RNA transcript that undergoes processing before becoming mature mRNA.

The modifications made to pre-mRNA, including splicing, capping, and polyadenylation.

The processed form of mRNA that exits the nucleus for translation.

DNA packaged with proteins in eukaryotic cells that regulates gene expression.

The way nucleotides are grouped into codons during translation.

A mutation that alters the reading frame of mRNA by adding or deleting nucleotides.

Messenger RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.

Ribosomal RNA that forms the core of ribosome's structure and function.

Transfer RNA that brings amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis.

Enzymes that attach the correct amino acid to its corresponding tRNA.

Ribosomes consist of two subunits that differ in size between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Proteins that assist in the process of translation.