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Questions and Answers
What is the initial step in the process of protein synthesis?
What is the initial step in the process of protein synthesis?
- Transcription (correct)
- Amino acid formation
- Translation
- Ribosomal assembly
Which type of mutation directly results from the substitution of one nucleotide for another?
Which type of mutation directly results from the substitution of one nucleotide for another?
- Silent mutation
- Translocation mutation
- Point mutation (correct)
- Frameshift mutation
Where does the translation phase of protein synthesis occur?
Where does the translation phase of protein synthesis occur?
- Golgi apparatus
- Ribosomes (correct)
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Nucleus
Which mutation type has no impact on the resulting amino acid sequence?
Which mutation type has no impact on the resulting amino acid sequence?
What defines a frameshift mutation?
What defines a frameshift mutation?
Flashcards
Protein Synthesis
Protein Synthesis
The process of creating a protein from a DNA template.
Transcription
Transcription
The process of copying the genetic information from DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA).
Translation
Translation
The process of converting the genetic code in mRNA into a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a protein.
Mutation
Mutation
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Point mutation
Point mutation
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Study Notes
Protein Synthesis
- Protein synthesis involves the formation of a peptide bond between the carboxyl group of a growing polypeptide and a free amino group on an incoming amino acid.
- The process involves three main steps: transcription, translation, and amino acid sequence formation.
Transcription
- This step occurs in the nucleus.
- DNA is transcribed into mRNA.
Translation
- This step happens at the ribosomes.
- mRNA is translated into an amino acid sequence.
Mutations
- A mutation is a change in the usual DNA sequence.
- Mutations can be point mutations or frameshift mutations.
- Point mutations involve substitution of one nucleotide for another.
- Frameshift mutations involve insertion or deletion of nucleotides, causing a shift in the reading frame.
- Different frameshift mutations can involve deletions or insertions
- Silent mutations have no change to the amino acid.
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