15 Questions
Which of the following is the correct order of macromolecule synthesis in neurons?
DNA ›- RNA ›- Protein
What is the function of genes in neurons?
To carry instructions for making specific RNAs and proteins
Where are genes located in neurons?
In the nucleus
What is the function of transcription in neurons?
To synthesize RNA from DNA
What are the three RNA processing steps in neurons?
Capping, splicing, and polyadenylation
Where do mature messenger RNAs (mRNAs) go after being processed in neurons?
To the cytoplasm
What is the function of ribosomes in neurons?
To synthesize proteins
Where are proteins that function in the cytoplasm and nucleus synthesized?
On free ribosomes in the cytoplasm
Where are secreted proteins and transmembrane proteins synthesized?
On ribosomes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum
What is the process called when proteins are translocated across the ER membrane as they are translated?
Transcytosis
What is the step called when secreted proteins are released into the extracellular space?
Exocytosis
What is the process called when cells retrieve fluid and proteins from the extracellular space or transmembrane proteins from the cell's plasma membrane?
Endocytosis
What are the membrane-enclosed organelles that carry newly ingested materials and newly internalized transmembrane proteins called?
Early endosomes
What are the organelles that contain enzymes for protein degradation called?
Lysosomes
What is the process called when a protein is first targeted to the plasma membrane of one compartment, then endocytosed and trafficked to the final destination?
Transcytosis
"Protein Synthesis: Understanding the Locations and Destinations" - Test your knowledge on where translation occurs for different types of proteins. Explore the synthesis process of cytoplasmic, nuclear, secreted, and transmembrane proteins.
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