Protein Synthesis
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the correct order of macromolecule synthesis in neurons?

  • Protein ›- DNA ›- RNA
  • RNA ›- DNA ›- Protein
  • Protein ›- RNA ›- DNA
  • DNA ›- RNA ›- Protein (correct)
  • What is the function of genes in neurons?

  • To carry instructions for making lipids and carbohydrates
  • To carry instructions for cell division
  • To carry instructions for making specific RNAs and proteins (correct)
  • To carry instructions for making only proteins
  • Where are genes located in neurons?

  • In the cytoplasm
  • In the mitochondria
  • In the endoplasmic reticulum
  • In the nucleus (correct)
  • What is the function of transcription in neurons?

    <p>To synthesize RNA from DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three RNA processing steps in neurons?

    <p>Capping, splicing, and polyadenylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do mature messenger RNAs (mRNAs) go after being processed in neurons?

    <p>To the cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ribosomes in neurons?

    <p>To synthesize proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are proteins that function in the cytoplasm and nucleus synthesized?

    <p>On free ribosomes in the cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are secreted proteins and transmembrane proteins synthesized?

    <p>On ribosomes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when proteins are translocated across the ER membrane as they are translated?

    <p>Transcytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the step called when secreted proteins are released into the extracellular space?

    <p>Exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when cells retrieve fluid and proteins from the extracellular space or transmembrane proteins from the cell's plasma membrane?

    <p>Endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the membrane-enclosed organelles that carry newly ingested materials and newly internalized transmembrane proteins called?

    <p>Early endosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the organelles that contain enzymes for protein degradation called?

    <p>Lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when a protein is first targeted to the plasma membrane of one compartment, then endocytosed and trafficked to the final destination?

    <p>Transcytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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