Protein Interaction and Structure Quiz

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What is the purpose of adding or subtracting pieces in protein families?

To change the shape and charge complementarity

To activate or inactivate the enzyme

To create nonproteinogenic amino acids

To maintain similar yet distinct proteins (correct)

In the context of reversible covalent modifications, what is Myristic Acid?

An amino acid

A nucleotide

An intermediate in cholesterol synthesis

A fatty acid (correct)

What type of additions result in the greatest source of diversity to the proteome?

Lipids

Nucleic Acids

Proteins

Carbohydrates (correct)

What is the function of ADP-ribose in the context of reversible covalent modifications?

To regulate protein function Signup and view all the answers

What does the color green represent in the structures?

Nucleotides Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'nonproteinogenic amino acids' refer to?

Amino acids that are not involved in protein synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which type of linkage contributes to the composition of sugars in reversible covalent modifications?

O-linkages Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reversible covalent modifications in proteins?

To activate or inactivate enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Myristic Acid in reversible covalent modifications?

To activate or inactivate enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the equilibrium constant defined as for the reaction E + S ⇌ E·S?

k1/k-1 Signup and view all the answers

In the Michaelis-Menten kinetics model, what does 'Km' represent?

The concentration of substrate where reaction rate is half maximal Signup and view all the answers

What does 'kcat' represent in the Michaelis-Menten kinetics model?

Number of substrate molecules converted per active site per time Signup and view all the answers

What is the equilibrium constant (KS) defined as for the reaction E + S ⇌ E·S in terms of k-1 and k1?

(k1)([E][S])/(k-1[E·S]) Signup and view all the answers

What assumption can be made when not much product is present?

[E·P] ≈ 0 Signup and view all the answers

What does 'νmax' represent in the Michaelis-Menten kinetics model?

The maximum rate possible for a given concentration of enzyme Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Ks' represent in the Michaelis-Menten kinetics model?

[S] where reaction rate is half maximal Signup and view all the answers

Which variable represents a measure of enzyme performance predicting the fate of E·S in the Michaelis-Menten kinetics model?

kcat/Km Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Michaelis-Menten kinetics, what component of the reaction can be ignored when not much product is present?

$k_3$ Signup and view all the answers

In the reaction E + S ⇌ E·S, what does 'k-1' represent?

$E·S \rightarrow k_{-1}$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction rate model called where E + S ⇌ E·S?

$k_1$ Reaction Model Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for making a LINEAR plot (Scatchard Plot) using the scenario n = 1?

[E·S] = E·S / Kd Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'fractional saturation' represent in the context of Cooperativity?

The fraction of protein molecules that contain ligand Signup and view all the answers

In the Hill Equation, what does the slope represent for a cooperative binder where n > 1?

nH Log (θ/1-θ) Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a Hill Coefficient (nH) equal to 1 in terms of cooperativity?

No cooperativity (sites are independent) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Hill Plot look like when nH > 1?

Non-linear Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Allostery' refer to in the context of cooperativity?

Binding of each subsequent ligand influences the affinity of the next ligand to bind an active site Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate formula for θ in the case of a perfectly cooperative binder (where n > 1)?

(S^n) / (KD + S^n) Signup and view all the answers

What does the x-intercept represent in a LINEAR plot (Scatchard Plot) using the scenario n = 1?

[E·S] / Kd Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Hill Coefficients' (nH) equal to 0 < nH < 1 represent in terms of cooperativity?

Negative cooperativity (affinity decreases) Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a Hill Coefficient (nH) greater than 1 in terms of cooperativity?

'Strong' cooperativity Signup and view all the answers