Questions and Answers
Which stage of protein hormone synthesis involves the migration of prohormone to the Golgi complex?
In which organelle does the prohormone get converted to the active hormone?
What is the first step in the synthesis of protein hormones?
What is the correct order of the major steps in protein hormone synthesis?
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How are most protein hormones transported in the blood?
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Study Notes
Synthesis of Protein Hormones
- Begins with transcription of a specific gene in the nucleus, resulting in messenger RNA (mRNA) production.
- Ribosomes translate mRNA into a polypeptide chain, initiating the formation of a pre-prohormone.
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Post-translational modification occurs:
- The peptide sequence of the pre-prohormone is cleaved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), transforming it into a prohormone.
- The prohormone is transported to the Golgi complex for further processing and is subsequently packaged into vesicles for storage.
- Within the vesicle, prohormones interact with protease enzymes, converting them into active hormones.
- Hormones are released from vesicles through exocytosis, entering the extracellular space before circulating to target organs or tissues.
- Hormones are primarily transported unbound, existing freely in the bloodstream.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the synthesis of protein hormones, including the processes of transcription, translation, and post-translational modifications. This quiz covers the transformation of pre-prohormones into active hormones and their release mechanisms. Perfect for biology students seeking to understand hormonal functions in detail.
