Protein Folding and Modifications

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What is the modular architecture of proteins composed of?

Discrete regions called domains (correct)

Discrete regions called exons

Discrete regions called codons

Discrete regions called introns

What is the relationship between exons and domains in a protein?

Different exons code for the different domains in a protein (correct)

Different domains code for different exons in a protein

Different codons code for the different domains in a protein

Different introns code for the different domains in a protein

What is the result of exon shuffling in protein evolution?

The formation of new codons

The formation of new mRNA

The evolution of new proteins (correct)

The formation of new introns

What is the role of domains in a protein?

To facilitate the structure and function of a protein Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of domains in protein evolution?

Domains can result in the evolution of new proteins Signup and view all the answers

How do exons contribute to the structure of a protein?

Exons code for specific regions of the protein Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the P site in the ribosome?

Holding the tRNA that carries the growing polypeptide chain Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the A site in the ribosome?

Holding the tRNA that carries the next amino acid to be added to the chain Signup and view all the answers

How many binding sites does a ribosome have for tRNA?

Three Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the E site in the ribosome?

Facilitating the exit of discharged tRNAs Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes?

Some antibiotic drugs specifically target bacterial ribosomes without harming eukaryotic ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

Charging tRNA molecules with amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of enzymes in post-translational modification?

To cleave polypeptides Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a polypeptide chain forms its three-dimensional shape?

Protein folding Signup and view all the answers

Where do free ribosomes typically synthesize proteins that function?

In the cytosol Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a signal peptide in polypeptide synthesis?

To target polypeptides to the ER Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a signal-recognition particle (SRP)?

To bring the signal peptide to the ER Signup and view all the answers

Where does polypeptide synthesis always begin?