Protein-DNA Binding Motifs: Common Features of DNA-Binding Motifs Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate increase in transcription initiation stimulated by activation domains?

Hundredfold (correct)

Thousandfold

Ten thousandfold

Tenfold

What is the typical characteristic of the promoter region of a gene?

Absence of a TATA box altogether

Absence of a readily classifiable mother TATA box (correct)

Presence of a readily classifiable father TATA box

Presence of a readily classifiable mother TATA box

What is the role of activation domains in gene expression?

Terminating transcription prematurely

Stimulating transcription initiation (correct)

Regulating transcription elongation

Inhibiting transcription initiation

What is the relationship between the TATA box and the gene promoter region?

The TATA box is a part of the gene promoter region Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the absence of a readily classifiable mother TATA box on gene expression?

It inhibits transcription initiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of the amino terminal helices in the binding of DNA?

They form a specific structure to bind to the DNA major groove Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following motifs is NOT involved in the dimerization of the DNA-binding protein?

Coiled coil Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the zinc finger motif in DNA-binding proteins?

To recognize specific DNA sequences Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the leucine zipper motif in DNA-binding proteins?

It is composed of two symmetric alpha helices Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the helix-turn-helix motif in DNA-binding proteins?

To recognize specific DNA sequences Signup and view all the answers

Where does a polypeptide hormone bind to its receptor?

In the target cell's plasma membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the direct result of a steroid hormone binding to its receptor?

Alteration of gene transcription Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a hormone-producing cell?

To produce a polypeptide hormone Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a polypeptide hormone binds to its receptor in a target cell?

A signal transduction pathway is activated Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between polypeptide and steroid hormones in terms of their mechanism of action?

The location of their receptor binding Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the protein encoded by the RAP1 gene?

To bind to telomere repeat sequences Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the gene that codes for the protein Rap1p?

RAP1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Rap1p in relation to telomeres?

To maintain telomere length Signup and view all the answers

What is the region of the DNA that Rap1p binds to?

Telomere repeat sequences Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Rap1p in telomere maintenance?

To prevent telomere shortening Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of regulation of galactose utilization in yeast?

Regulation by a single Gal4p dimer binding to the UAS Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the GAL1 and GAL10 genes in yeast?

They are involved in the regulation of galactose utilization Signup and view all the answers

Why is the GAL system an ideal model for studying gene regulation?

Because it is a well-studied system that has revealed many principles of gene regulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the UAS in the regulation of galactose utilization in yeast?

It is a binding site for transcriptional activators of galactose utilization Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the GAL locus in yeast?

It is a region of the genome that contains multiple genes involved in galactose utilization Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gene Regulation

Transcription initiation can be stimulated up to a hundredfold by activation domains.
Specific DNA-binding motifs include helix-turn-helix (HTH), zinc finger, and leucine zipper.

Hormone Signaling

Hormone-producing cells release polypeptide hormones that bind to receptors embedded in the plasma membrane.
The binding of a hormone to its receptor triggers a signal transduction pathway, leading to a cellular response.
Steroid hormones bind to their receptors in the target cell plasma membrane, activating them.

Telomere Regulation

Rap1p (product of the RAP1 gene) binds to telomere repeat sequences.
This binding is important for regulating telomere function.

Regulation of Galactose Utilization in Yeast

Gal4p dimer binds to upstream activation sequences (UAS) to regulate GAL1 and GAL10 gene expression.
The GAL genes are not regulated by a UAS, but are instead controlled by other mechanisms.
The regulation of galactose utilization in yeast is a well-studied system that illustrates several important principles of gene regulation.

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Description

Learn about the different amino terminal helices that bind to DNA, including helix-turn-helix, zinc finger, and leucine zipper motifs. Test your knowledge of these important protein structures and their functions.