ch 8, 9
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Questions and Answers

Which term best describes protein crystals?

  • Amorphous
  • Irregular
  • Random
  • Regular (correct)

What are protein crystals made of?

  • Identical molecules or molecular complexes (correct)
  • Random mixtures
  • Different molecules
  • Various compounds

What is the structure of protein crystals?

  • Amorphous
  • Irregular
  • Regular (correct)
  • Random

Which of the following can act as a nucleus in the nucleation process?

<p>A dust particle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the supersaturation is too high in a solution?

<p>An overabundance of tiny crystals form (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does crystal growth often occur in supersaturated solutions?

<p>Only in the presence of added nuclei or seeds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can cause cessation of growth in crystal formation?

<p>Development of growth defects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mother liquor in the context of crystal formation?

<p>The solution in which the crystal exists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is mother liquor different from the original crystallization screening solution?

<p>It has a higher concentration of solute (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of temperature in crystallization?

<p>It determines the size of protein crystals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is commonly used by crystallographers to obtain protein?

<p>E. Coli expression systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause low expression yields in E. Coli expression systems?

<p>Unstable plasmid or mRNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major issue with protein concentration?

<p>Consistency and reproducibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which temperature is considered ideal for keeping an individual crystal screen constant?

<p>4° C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which temperatures should each set of conditions be screened during crystal formation?

<p>4° C and room temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which temperature should be tried during crystal screening, in addition to 4° C and room temperature?

<p>12° C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of interactions are more important than hydrophobic interactions in crystal packing?

<p>Electrostatic interactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does crystal packing refer to?

<p>The arrangement of molecules within a crystal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main issue when it comes to reproducibility in crystal packing?

<p>Buffer composition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which temperature is commonly used for X-ray diffraction measurements of protein crystals?

<p>Cryogenic temperatures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding cryoprotectants to protein crystals?

<p>To stabilize the crystal structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does cryoprotectant addition have on the nucleation temperature of water?

<p>Decreases the nucleation temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can't we see proteins with light microscopes?

<p>Proteins are too small to be resolved by the wavelength of visible light (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the wavelength range of visible light?

<p>400 - 700 nm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the wavelength of X-rays?

<p>1 angstrom (0.1 nm) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of device is used to force electrons to follow a closed 'ring' trajectory?

<p>Bending magnets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a wiggler and an undulator?

<p>Wigglers emit radiation as a series of sharp peaks at prescribed wavelengths (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of insertion devices in synchrotron radiation facilities?

<p>To produce higher intensity, shorter wavelength x-rays (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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