Protective Discrimination in Society

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What does 'minority representation' refer to in the context of legislative bodies?

The provision of special devices (like reservation) to ensure sufficient representation of minorities in elective bodies.

What is the jurisdiction of high courts?

High courts can issue orders, directions, and writs for enforcing fundamental rights and also have original jurisdiction in certain cases.

What are some limitations on the 'Right to freedom of speech and expression'?

Some limitations include restrictions for public order, decency, morality, and security of the State.

Under what circumstances can a citizen disobey the state?

A citizen can disobey the state when laws are unjust or unconstitutional. Signup and view all the answers

Why is minority representation important in the legislative body?

Minority representation ensures that all groups have a voice in the decision-making process. Signup and view all the answers

What role do high courts play in ensuring justice?

High courts ensure justice by enforcing fundamental rights, handling various legal matters, and providing remedies. Signup and view all the answers

Define protective discrimination.

Protective discrimination implies discrimination in favor of weaker and underprivileged sections of society. Signup and view all the answers

How does protective discrimination help in removing imbalances from society?

Protective discrimination helps in removing imbalances from society by providing opportunities to weaker sections and raising them to a level where they can compete equally with other sections. Signup and view all the answers

Why is natural equality considered an ideal and not an immediate reality?

Natural equality is considered an ideal and not an immediate reality because achieving equality in society requires continuous efforts and measures like protective discrimination. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of minority representation?

Minority representation ensures that the voices and interests of minority groups are heard and considered in decision-making processes. Signup and view all the answers

How has the process of redrawing state boundaries evolved since the 1960s?

Since 1960, stable nations have faced nationalist demands for separate statehood from various regions, leading to potential division within existing states. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of decentralization of power.

Decentralization of power involves the distribution of authority and decision-making processes to lower levels of government or local bodies. Signup and view all the answers

What circumstances does Laski believe can justify an individual disobeying the state?

Failure to provide essential atmosphere for development, failure to safeguard rights, becoming autocratic Signup and view all the answers

According to Laski, what is the fundamental right of the people in certain circumstances?

Right to disobey the state Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the parliament in ensuring the accountability of the council of ministers?

Controlling the executive and ensuring it remains responsible to the people Signup and view all the answers

How does the parliament ensure that the executive remains responsible to the people?

By deliberating on policy direction and implementation Signup and view all the answers

What is a vital function of the parliament besides law-making?

Control of the executive Signup and view all the answers

What obligation may arise for citizens in the face of an unlawful authority of the state?

To resist and change the government Signup and view all the answers