Prosthodontics Diagnosis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a crucial aspect of creating accurate diagnostic casts?

Increasing time constraints during the impression process

Using smaller trays for better fit

Maintaining patient reflexes

Proper technique and material selection (correct)

What should be done to prevent distortions caused by alginate during the impression making process?

Allow the impression to sit for extended periods before pouring

Use a tray that fits snugly without adhesive

Use irreversible hydrocolloid as the only material

Pour impressions immediately to prevent distortion (correct)

Which characteristic of diagnostic casts differentiates them from intraoral examinations?

Limited visibility

Unobstructed 360° view (correct)

Time constraints in analysis

Presence of patient reflexes

What is a key property of irreversible hydrocolloid used in diagnostic impressions?

It contains sodium or potassium salts of alginic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of voids in dental impressions?

They can create nodules on occlusal surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What technique is recommended for impression taking to ensure accuracy?

Use the largest tray that fits comfortably Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the imbibition of alginate material?

Alginate absorbs liquid from the atmosphere Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential consideration when preparing trays for impressions?

Ensuring full tray support prevents distortion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of spraying an impression with glutaraldehyde?

To disinfect the impression Signup and view all the answers

When should the impression be poured for optimal accuracy?

Within 15 minutes of removal Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct storage position for the cast after pouring?

Tray side down in a humidor Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked for during the quality evaluation of a diagnostic cast?

Adequate reproduction of dental structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a facebow in the process of transferring casts?

To ensure accurate spatial orientation Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct relationship defined as the occlusal relationship where the cusps interdigitate maximally?

Maximum Intercuspation Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the impressions and casts are found to be questionable?

Discard and repeat the process Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect should be evaluated regarding anterior guidance during occlusal plane analysis?

Its influence on posterior disclusion Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of fully adjustable articulators?

They enable fabrication of intricate dental work. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor should be considered when choosing the right articulator?

The complexity of the treatment needs. Signup and view all the answers

What does the use of pantographic tracings replace?

The need for wax records. Signup and view all the answers

When evaluating accuracy requirements, what must be taken into account?

The demands for procedural accuracy. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fully adjustable articulators?

They are user-friendly for all skill levels. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a dental diagnostic cast?

To create a precise replica of teeth and oral structures Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure allows for refining tooth preparation techniques before clinical application?

Tooth Preparation Simulation Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the diagnostic cast is crucial for prosthesis design?

Occlusocervical dimension measurement Signup and view all the answers

Why is assessing the angulation of abutment teeth important?

To influence retention and path of insertion Signup and view all the answers

What does evaluating soft tissue contours in edentulous areas impact?

Emergence profile planning Signup and view all the answers

What key benefit do diagnostic casts offer regarding tooth relationships?

They provide insights on static and dynamic relationships Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic procedure helps visualize and evaluate proposed treatment outcomes?

Diagnostic Wax-up Signup and view all the answers

What should be examined to ensure the stability of abutment teeth?

Structural integrity Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a group function in occlusal arrangement?

To ensure simultaneous contact of posterior teeth during lateral movement Signup and view all the answers

Which type of articulator is characterized by limited accuracy in reproducing mandibular movement?

Small Nonadjustable Articulator Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of a semiadjustable articulator?

Reduces the need for clinical adjustments during treatment Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes an arcon design from a nonarcon design in articulators?

Arcon has condylar spheres on the lower component Signup and view all the answers

Which adjustment in a semiadjustable articulator simulates the lateral movement of the mandible?

Progressive Side Shift Signup and view all the answers

What problem is commonly associated with small nonadjustable articulators?

Hinge closure issues due to distance discrepancies Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of interocclusal records in dental prosthetics?

To transform the relation between the upper and lower dental arches Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding fully adjustable articulators?

They can simulate a wide range of condylar paths and border movements Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Diagnostic Casts

Diagnostic casts are three-dimensional replicas of a patient's teeth and surrounding structures.
They provide information about tooth relationships not easily observable intraorally.
Used for comprehensive examination of tooth relationships, diagnosis, and treatment planning.
They are essential in fixed prosthodontics.

Evaluating Edentulous Spaces

Measure the occlusocervical dimension of edentulous spaces.
Assess spatial relationships with adjacent and opposing teeth.
Evaluate soft tissue contours and their affect on emergence profile planning.

Assessing Abutment Teeth

Alignment: Relative alignment of abutment teeth impacts prosthesis design.
Angulation: Angulation affects path of insertion and retention of the prosthesis.
Tooth Position: Analyze subtle changes in individual tooth position.
Structural Integrity: Examine structural integrity of abutment teeth.

Diagnostic Procedures

Simulation of tooth preparations on duplicate casts, refining techniques before intraoral procedures.
Diagnostic wax-up, visualizing and evaluating proposed treatment outcomes.
Detailed occlusal analysis to identify potential interferences and harmonize occlusion.

Advantages of Diagnostic Casts

Visibility: Provide unobstructed 360° view compared to limited intraoral examination.
Patient Reflexes: Absent, allowing unrestricted analysis time.
Reproducibility: Easily reproducible, unlike intraoral examinations.

Impression Making for Diagnostic Casts

Accuracy is crucial; even small flaws can lead to inaccuracies.
Proper technique and material selection are key.

Importance of Accuracy

Void Prevention: Small voids can create nodules on occlusal surfaces, causing inaccurate articulator mounting.
Border Extension: Impressions should extend beyond cervical line to aid in accurate mounting.
Material Selection: Irreversible hydrocolloid is suitable for planning but not for definitive casts.

Irreversible Hydrocolloid

Contains sodium or potassium salts of alginate acid and water-soluble ingredients.
Forms insoluble calcium alginate upon reacting with calcium sulfate.
Includes trisodium phosphate to regulate setting rate.

Impression Material Behavior

Imbibition: Absorption of liquid from the environment, causing distortion.
Syneresis: Giving off liquid to the environment, causing distortion.
Pouring Time: Impressions must be poured immediately to prevent distortion.

Tray Considerations

Retention: Adhesive, perforations, or undercuts help retain impression material.
Size: Larger trays accommodate more material, enhancing accuracy.
Support: Ensure full tray support to prevent impression distortion.

Diagnostic Impression Technique

Tray Selection: Choose the largest tray that fits comfortably.
Material Preparation: Mix irreversible hydrocolloid to a homogenous consistency.
Impression Taking: Load tray, wipe material into crevices, and seat it in the patient's mouth.
Removal and Disinfection: Remove quickly after gelation, rinse, and disinfect the impression.

Impression Taking Process

Preparation: Clean teeth and rinse patient's mouth thoroughly.
Material Application: Load tray, wipe material into occlusal crevices.
Tray Seating: Carefully insert tray, reminding patient to relax cheek muscles.
Removal: Remove quickly 2-3 minutes after gelation.

Disinfection and Pouring

Disinfection: Spray with glutaraldehyde and seal in a bag for 10 minutes.
Timing: Pour within 15 minutes of removal for accuracy.
Stone Selection: Use vacuum-mixed ADA type IV or V stone.

Cast Storage and Separation

Storage Position: Tray side down.
Environment: Covered with wet paper in a humidor.
Duration: 1 hour.
Separation Time: 1 hour after pouring.

Diagnostic Cast Quality Evaluation

Accuracy Check: Examine for voids, nodules, and proper articulation.
Surface Detail: Ensure adequate reproduction of dental structures.
Repeat if Necessary: Discard questionable impressions and casts and repeat the process.

Transferring Casts to Articulators

Facebow Transfer: Use a facebow to transfer the maxillary cast, ensuring accurate spatial orientation.
Centric Relation Record: Use a record to articulate the mandibular cast, ensuring accurate jaw relationship.
Condylar Element Setting: Set condylar elements using protrusive and excursive interocclusal records.

Analyzing Occlusal Relationships

Centric Relation: Mandible in its most upward, backward, and unstrained position.
Maximum Intercuspation: The position of maximum interdigitation of cusps in a closed jaw position.
Mandibular Movements: Analyze occlusal contacts throughout the range of mandibular movements.

Occlusal Plane Analysis

Anterior Guidance: Evaluate influence of anterior guidance on posterior disclusion.
Group Function: Simultaneous contact of multiple posterior teeth on the working side during lateral jaw movements.

Articulator Selection for Dental Prostheses

Articulators are mechanical devices that simulate mandibular movement.
Proper selection can impact treatment outcomes and efficiency.

Types of Articulators

Small Nonadjustable: Limited capacity, may lead to occlusal discrepancies.
Semiadjustable: Practical, provides necessary diagnostic information with minimal adjustments.
Fully Adjustable: Large capacity, can follow patient's border movements accurately.

Small Nonadjustable Articulators

Limited Accuracy: Cannot reproduce full range of mandibular movement.
Occlusal Discrepancies: May lead to restorations with interferences.
Hinge Closure Issues: Distance between hinge and tooth is different from patients.

Semiadjustable Articulators

Practical Approach: Suitable for most routine fixed prostheses.
Minimal Adjustments: Reduces need for clinical adjustments during treatment.
Anatomical Accuracy: Size similar to anatomic structures.
Time-Efficient: Does not require excessive time or expertise.

Arcon vs Nonarcon Designs

Arcon Design: Condylar spheres on lower component, anatomically "correct" design.
Nonarcon Design: Upper and lower members rigidly attached, popular in complete denture prosthodontics.
Movement Simulation: Arcon movements are easier to understand; Nonarcon movements are "backwards"

Semiadjustable Articulator

Adjustments:
- Condylar Inclination: Adjusts to mimic patient's condylar path.
- Progressive Side Shift: Simulates lateral movement of mandible.
- Immediate Side Shift: Replicates initial lateral movement of condyle.

Interocclusal Records

Materials used to transfer jaw relationship from patient's mouth to an articulator.
Wax: Used to adjust mechanical fossae.
Other suitable materials: Various materials can mimic mandibular movements.

Fully Adjustable Articulators

High Accuracy: Can follow patient's border movements precisely.
Complex Use: Requires high skill level and understanding.
Pantographic Tracings: Used instead of wax records for adjustment.

Advantages of Fully Adjustable Articulators

Precise Replication: Track irregular mandibular movement pathways.
Complex Prostheses: Enable fabrication of intricate dental work.
Minimal Adjustments: Reduces chairside time for complex cases.

Choosing the Right Articulator

Treatment Complexity: Consider type and complexity of treatment needs.
Accuracy Requirements: Evaluate the demands for procedural accuracy.
Time Efficiency: Evaluate potential for time savings.
Skill Level: Consider expertise of dentist and technician.

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Description

Test your knowledge on diagnostic casts, evaluating edentulous spaces, and assessing abutment teeth in prosthodontics. This quiz covers essential concepts for comprehensive treatment planning and diagnosis. Perfect for dental professionals and students alike!