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Questions and Answers
Metals can be drawn into wires. This is a property called Malleability.
Metals can be drawn into wires. This is a property called Malleability.
False
Metal oxides are not considered bases.
Metal oxides are not considered bases.
False
The pH scale was invented to measure how alkaline something is.
The pH scale was invented to measure how alkaline something is.
False
The opposite of an acid is a base.
The opposite of an acid is a base.
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Acid rain is a natural phenomenon.
Acid rain is a natural phenomenon.
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The pH level of normal rain is about 4.
The pH level of normal rain is about 4.
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What are the reactants in the following chemical equation:
Copper oxide + Magnesium = Magnesium oxide + Copper
What are the reactants in the following chemical equation: Copper oxide + Magnesium = Magnesium oxide + Copper
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What are the products in following chemical equation:
Aluminium + Sulphuric acid = Aluminium Sulphate + Hydrogen
What are the products in following chemical equation: Aluminium + Sulphuric acid = Aluminium Sulphate + Hydrogen
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The pH of a neutral solution is ______.
The pH of a neutral solution is ______.
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A ______ is a substance that neutralises an acid.
A ______ is a substance that neutralises an acid.
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What is the chemical formula for Carbonic acid?
What is the chemical formula for Carbonic acid?
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What is the name of the salt produced when Hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium hydroxide?
What is the name of the salt produced when Hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium hydroxide?
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What are two types of renewable energy sources that can be used to reduce Acid Rain?
What are two types of renewable energy sources that can be used to reduce Acid Rain?
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What are two examples of techniques to reduce sulphur emissions?
What are two examples of techniques to reduce sulphur emissions?
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Study Notes
Properties of Metals
- Lustrous: All metals shine when polished or freshly cut.
- Flexible: Metals can bend without breaking.
- Ductile: Metals can be drawn into wires.
- Malleable: Metals can be hammered into sheets.
- Sonorous: Metals produce a ringing sound when struck, not a dull thud.
- Electrical Conductors: All metals conduct electricity.
- Thermal Conductors: Metals allow energy to flow through them, causing heating.
Chemical Reactions
- Reactants and Products: Substances at the start of a reaction are reactants; substances produced are products.
- New Substances Formed: Chemical reactions create new substances by rearranging atoms.
- Word Equations: Reactions can be summarized with word equations.
- Symbol Equations: Reactions can also be summarized with symbol equations, which must be balanced (no atoms are gained or lost).
- Mass Conservation: The total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products in a chemical reaction.
Naming Salts
- Acid-Metal Reactions: Mixing metals with acids produces salts and release hydrogen gas.
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Examples:
- Aluminium + nitric acid → aluminium nitrate + hydrogen
- Aluminium + hydrochloric acid → aluminium chloride + hydrogen
- Aluminium + sulphuric acid → aluminium sulphate + hydrogen
- Hydrochloric acid produces metal chlorides
- Sulphuric acid produces metal sulphates
- Nitric acid produces metal nitrates
Acids and Alkalis
- Neutralization: The reaction between an acid and an alkali is called neutralization, forming a salt and water.
- General Equation: Acid + Alkali → Salt + Water
- Examples of Acids: Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid
- Examples of Alkalis: Potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, barium hydroxide
- Neutral Solutions: Solutions with pH 7 are neutral, like pure water.
Metal Carbonates
- Carbonates as Salts: Carbonates are salts of carbonic acid.
- Weak Acid: Carbonic acid is a weak acid.
- Decomposition: Carbonic acid decomposes into water and carbon dioxide when heated or reacted with stronger acids.
- Reaction with Acids: Metal carbonates react with acids to form a salt of the stronger acid, releasing water and carbon dioxide.
- General Equation: Metal Carbonate + Acid → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
Acid Rain
- Definition: Acid rain is precipitation with a pH lower than normal rain (typically pH 5-6).
- Formation: Formed when acidic oxides (like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) dissolve in atmospheric water.
- Formation Examples: Sulphur dioxide + water → Sulphurous acid, Nitrogen dioxide + water → Nitrous acid and Nitric acid, Carbon dioxide + water → Carbonic acid
- pH levels: Acid rain has a pH of around 4.
- Environmental Effects: Acid rain damages soil, harms trees, and harms aquatic ecosystems. It can also damage infrastructure.
- Solutions: Reducing emissions (fuel efficiency, alternative energy) and conserving resources (public transport).
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Description
This quiz covers essential properties of metals, including their physical and chemical characteristics, as well as fundamental concepts related to chemical reactions. Test your knowledge on lustrous features, ductility, malleability, and the principles governing reactants, products, and mass conservation in chemistry.
