Properties of Ceramics and Polymers Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Why are ceramics considered brittle materials?

  • Because they are always exposed to high temperatures
  • Because they have low density
  • As a result of their high electrical conductivity
  • Due to the presence of porosity (correct)

What process is used to produce polymers?

  • Polymerization (correct)
  • Fermentation
  • Distillation
  • Oxidation

Why are polymers typically not suitable for high-temperature applications?

  • Because they are too heavy
  • Because they have low strength at high temperatures (correct)
  • Because they lack resistance to corrosive chemicals
  • Due to their poor electrical resistivity

What distinguishes thermoplastics from thermosetting polymers?

<p>The process of shaping: molding vs. casting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of electronic materials like silicon and gallium arsenide-based semiconductors?

<p>Semiconductor behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common application of plastics according to the text?

<p>Bulletproof vests and compact disks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are alkali and alkaline earth metals labeled as electropositive?

<p>Because they give up electrons readily to form positively charged ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group in the periodic table includes transition metals?

<p>Groups IIIB through IIB (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of elements in groups IIIA, IVA, and VA in terms of their valence electron structures?

<p>They display intermediate characteristics between metals and nonmetals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe elements on the right side of the periodic table?

<p>Electronegative (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Figure 2.9, how does electronegativity change when moving from left to right in the periodic table?

<p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of electronegativity values, how does moving from bottom to top influence the elements in the periodic table?

<p>Increases electronegativity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does resilience refer to in materials?

<p>The ability to absorb energy when deformed elastically and recover it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is engineering stress calculated?

<p>Applied load divided by original cross-sectional area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true stress in materials based on?

<p>Instantaneous applied load divided by instantaneous cross-sectional area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining feature of unsaturated molecules?

<p>They have double or triple covalent bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the intramolecular bonds in organic materials typically form?

<p>Through covalent bonding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does true strain provide a more accurate measure of compared to engineering strain?

<p>Change in length as material undergoes deformation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the hardening of inorganic cements like Portland cement?

<p>Hydration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unique properties make oxide ceramics valuable?

<p>Hardness, stiffness, and chemical resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of diffusion in ionic materials?

<p>Vacancy diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is commonly used to measure the hardness of ceramic materials?

<p>Knoop and Vickers hardness tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are bioceramics commonly used in biomedical applications?

<p>Chemical inertness, hardness, and wear resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes diamond from graphite in terms of physical and chemical properties?

<p>Diamond is a good conductor of electricity while graphite is not (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the Bohr atomic model and the wave-mechanical model?

<p>Bohr model describes electrons revolving in discrete orbitals, while the wave-mechanical model describes electrons as probability distributions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Schrödinger's atomic model differ from the Bohr atomic model?

<p>Schrödinger's model considers electron position as a probability distribution, while the Bohr model assumes fixed electron positions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Pauli exclusion principle in quantum mechanics?

<p>It determines the number of electrons that can occupy each electron state and their spins. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subshell can hold a maximum of 10 electrons according to quantum mechanics?

<p>d (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are valence electrons in an atom?

<p>Electrons occupying the outermost shell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In quantum mechanics, how is electron position described in Schrödinger's atomic model?

<p>As a probability distribution or electron cloud (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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