Pronouns: Types and Usage

• Study notes for pronouns, public speaking, essays and literary criticism

Pronouns

• Used to rename, refer to, and stand in for nouns

Personal Pronouns Type

• Used to identify people in a specific context

First Person Pronouns

• I, my, mine, me, we, our, ours, us

Second Person Pronouns

• You, your, yours

Third Person Pronouns

• He, his, him, she, her, hers, it, its, they, their, theirs, them

Impersonal Pronouns

• Describes a thing, verb, nonliving thing, or case of undetermined gender
• Commonly expressed by the word "it"

Reflexive Pronouns

• Refer to the previous noun in the sentence
• Used when the subject and object of a verb are the same
• End in -self or -selves
• Example: Patricia bought herself a new laptop.

Intensive Pronouns

• Adds emphasis to the preceding noun or pronoun in the sentence
• End in -self or -selves
• Example: The coach herself congratulated the athletes.

Interrogative Pronouns

• Asks a question
• Includes who, which, what, whom, whoever, or whichever

Relative Pronouns

• Highlights another noun (antecedent) in the sentence
• Located at the beginning of adjective clauses that describe the antecedent
• Example: My phone, which I bought five years ago, is no longer working.

Demonstrative Pronouns

• Gives information about the relative closeness (literal or figurative) of the things
• Includes this, that, these, those
• Example: This was the bag I used when I went out of town with friends.

Indefinite Pronouns

• Refers to an unspecified person or thing
• Formed using combinations of some-, any-, every-, no-,-thing, -one, -where, or -body
• Example: Try to think of somewhere nice to go for dinner.

Public Speaking

• Involves a live presentation to an audience
• Aims to educate, entertain, or influence listeners

Impromptu Speaking

• Involves speaking on the spot without prior preparation or notes

Extemporaneous Speaking

• Involves some preparation time for a speech
• Does not involve a written script or memorized words

Effective Speaking Techniques

• Care About Your Topic
• Remember Goal
• Support Main Points
• Presentation Tools Wisely
• Use a Professional Template
• Practice Speech
• Relax!
• Pace Yourself
• Add Visual Aids
• Dress Comfortably and Professionally
• Avoid Awkward Fillers
• Use Gestures (But Don't Overdo)
• Allow for a Q & A

Expository Essay

• Educates on a certain topic
• Answers the questions: who, what, where, when, why, and how

Persuasive Essays

• Convince the readers to agree
• Use emotions, personal ideas, or logical facts

Argumentative Essays

• Make readers accept the writer's idea on a controversial topic as true
• Uses statistics, facts, and figures

Literary Criticism

• Is a genre of academic writing that briefly summarizes and critically evaluates a work
• Essentially an opinion, supported by evidence
• Includes comparison, analysis, interpretation, and/or evaluation of literature

Formalism

• Analyzes the structure of a text without looking at outside factors

Feminism

• Social, political, and cultural movement that advocated for gender equality
• Focuses on changing societal structures, practices, and norms that contribute to oppression

Marxism

• Focuses on the idea that society's history is primarily driven by class struggle

Historical Approach

• Focuses on the connection of work to the historical period in which it was written
• Attempts to connect the historical background of the work to specific aspects of the work

Moralistic Approach

• Judges the value of literature based on its moral lesson or ethical teachings

Reader-response

• Emphasizes the role of the reader in interpreting and creating meaning from a text

Explore the different types of pronouns, including personal, reflexive, and interrogative pronouns. Understand how pronouns rename nouns and their specific uses in sentences. Learn to identify first, second, and third-person pronouns, as well as impersonal and intensive pronouns.