Prolog: Fundamental Logic Programming

Which type of phrase in Prolog represents one single instance of either a property of an object or relation between objects?

What is the main feature of Prolog that allows it to find all possible solutions instead of only one?

In Prolog, what type of phrases enable you to infer from other facts?

Which type of programming language is Prolog known as?

What does a fact in Prolog consist of?

In Prolog, what is a fact?

What is the syntax for representing the fact 'Ayman likes football' in Prolog?

What is the main purpose of a rule in Prolog?

Which feature of Prolog allows it to deal with alternatives and find all possible solutions?

What are the two types of phrases that make up the Prolog language?

What is the main purpose of a fact in Prolog?

What is the syntax for representing the fact 'Sara likes tennis' in Prolog?

What type of phrases in Prolog enable you to infer from other facts?

What does a rule in Prolog enable you to do?

What feature of Prolog allows it to logically find answers to the questions posed and deal with alternatives to find all possible solutions?

Prolog Basics

In Prolog, a fact represents a single instance of a property or a relationship between objects.
Facts are fundamental components that comprise the database of knowledge in Prolog.

Features of Prolog

Prolog is known as a declarative programming language, emphasizing the logic behind the computations rather than the control flow.
The main feature that enables Prolog to find all possible solutions is backtracking, allowing it to explore different paths in search of solutions.

Type of Phrases

Prolog language consists of two types of phrases: facts and rules.
Rules enable inference, allowing new facts to be derived from existing facts.

Purpose of Facts and Rules

A fact in Prolog is a statement that asserts something true, such as "Ayman likes football."
The main purpose of a fact is to provide basic information or data to the Prolog system.

Syntax

Syntax for representing facts in Prolog:
- 'Ayman likes football' is written as likes(ayman, football).
- 'Sara likes tennis' is represented as likes(sara, tennis).

Rules and Their Functionality

The main purpose of a rule is to define relationships and enable the system to infer new information based on existing facts.
Rules allow logical deductions, finding answers to queries posed to the Prolog system.

Handling Alternatives

Prolog's backtracking feature helps in managing alternatives, systematically exploring possible solutions until all options are exhausted.

Summary

Facts and rules are the essential building blocks in Prolog for managing knowledge and providing a basis for logical inferencing and query resolution.

Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of logic programming in Prolog, including logical inference, collections of facts, and drawing conclusions from rules. Explore the unique capabilities of Prolog in dealing with alternatives and finding all possible solutions to questions.