Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Quiz with Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a defining characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

Presence of a nucleus

Complex cell structure

Lack of a nucleus (correct)

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

What is the function of the plasma membrane in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Synthesizes proteins

Protects the cell and regulates what enters and exits (correct)

Facilitates cell division

Stores genetic material

What is the genetic material in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

DNA (correct)

Carbohydrate

Protein

RNA

Which type of cells include bacteria and archaea?

Prokaryotic cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of organelles in eukaryotic cells?

To organize and compartmentalize cellular functions Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells that distinguishes them from prokaryotic cells?

Presence of a nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Which cells have a more complex cell structure?

Eukaryotic cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells have true membrane-bound organelles?

Eukaryotic cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the cell wall in fungi cells?

Chitin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of reproduction in prokaryotes?

Binary fission Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of reproduction in eukaryotic organisms?

Sexual reproduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cytoplasm in cells?

Provide a site for enzymatic reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference in DNA structure between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells have DNA arranged in circular chromosomes, while eukaryotic cells have linear DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of eukaryotic cells?

10 - 100 micrometers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference in ribosome size between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells have 70S ribosomes, while eukaryotic cells have 80S ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells have a true membrane-bound nucleus?

Eukaryotic cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that prokaryotic cells have, but eukaryotic cells may or may not have?

Cell wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of eukaryotic cells?

10-100 micrometers Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic material arrangement in prokaryotic cells?

Circular chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproduction do prokaryotes primarily undergo?

Asexual reproduction Signup and view all the answers

What type of ribosomes are present in eukaryotic cells?

80S Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of cell division in eukaryotic cells?

Mitosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of eukaryotic cells in terms of organelles?

Presence of membrane-bound organelles Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Genetic information in nucleotides determines cell growth, function, and reproduction
Ribosomes are present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, made of ribonucleotides and protein
Cytoplasm, found in all cells, is a thick fluid aiding in cell shape and enzymatic reactions
Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while eukaryotic cells may or may not have a cell wall
Eukaryotic cells are larger (10-100 micrometers) than prokaryotic cells (0.1-5 micrometers)
Prokaryotes are typically single-celled, while eukaryotes can form single or multicellular organisms
Eukaryotic cells have a true membrane-bound nucleus, while prokaryotic cells have a nucleoid region
Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotes do not
Prokaryotic DNA is a single circular chromosome, while eukaryotic DNA is arranged into linear sections called chromosomes
Prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S, while eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S
Prokaryotes reproduce asexually, while eukaryotes are capable of sexual reproduction
Prokaryotes reproduce through binary fission, while eukaryotes undergo mitosis for cell division

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Description

Test your knowledge of cell biology with this quiz on prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells. Explore the differences in structure and function between these two types of cells and see how well you understand the fundamental units of life.