18 Questions
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
Provide a surface for biochemical activities
Which organelle is responsible for the transport of materials, especially proteins, within the cell?
Golgi apparatus
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
Presence of a nucleus
Which organelle is responsible for intracellular digestion and waste removal?
Lysosomes
What is a major function of the mitochondria in a cell?
Energy production
Which cell organelle is important for processing, packaging, and secreting proteins in the cell?
Endoplasmic reticulum
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells in terms of organelles?
Eukaryotic cells possess membrane-bound organelles while prokaryotic cells do not.
What is the primary function of plastids in a cell?
Photosynthesis
Explain the difference between skeletal muscles and smooth muscles in terms of their structure and function.
Skeletal muscles are striated, voluntary muscles attached to bones for movement, while smooth muscles are non-striated, involuntary muscles found in internal organs for involuntary movements.
Describe the unique features of cardiac muscles and explain why they are different from skeletal and smooth muscles.
Cardiac muscles are striated, involuntary muscles found only in the heart. They have intercalated discs for synchronized contractions and are self-excitable.
How does the structure of muscular tissues differ from other tissues in the human body?
Muscular tissues are specialized for contraction and relaxation, containing specialized proteins like actin and myosin which allow for movement.
Explain the concept of involuntary movements and provide examples of muscular tissues involved in such movements.
Involuntary movements are actions that occur without conscious control. Examples include peristalsis in the digestive system (smooth muscles) and heart contractions (cardiac muscles).
How does meristematic tissue play a role in the growth of plant roots?
Meristematic tissue is responsible for cell division and growth in plant roots. It is located at the root tips and allows for continuous root elongation.
Discuss the significance of apical meristem in plant growth and development.
Apical meristem is found at the tips of plant roots and shoots, enabling primary growth in length. It is essential for the vertical growth of plants.
What is the role of intercalary meristem in plant tissues, and where is it typically located?
Intercalary meristem is responsible for growth at the base of leaves and internodes in plants. It allows for regrowth after damage and contributes to plant elongation.
Explain why the growth of roots in onions stops when the tips are cut in jar 2.
Cutting the root tips removes the apical meristem, which is responsible for root growth. Without the meristematic tissue, new cell production halts, leading to root growth cessation.
Why is the presence of meristematic tissues important for the growth of plants?
Meristematic tissues continuously produce new cells for growth and repair in plants. They are essential for primary and secondary growth processes.
How do differentiated cells in plants originate from meristematic tissues, and what changes occur during this process?
Meristematic cells differentiate into specialized cells through a process of maturation and structural changes. These changes lead to the formation of various plant tissues with distinct functions.
Test your knowledge on the characteristics of prokaryotic cells and their lack of cytoplasmic organelles compared to eukaryotic cells. Explore the functions of different organelles in prokaryotic cells and how they differ from those in eukaryotic cells.
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