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Cell Organelles and Structures Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the ribosomes?

Site of polypeptide synthesis (translation)

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

Provides internal structure and mediates intracellular transport

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

Semi-permeable and selective barrier surrounding the cell

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Transports materials between organelles (smooth ER = lipids; rough ER = proteins) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mitochondrion?

Site of aerobic respiration (ATP production) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nucleolus within eukaryotic organelles?

Site of ribosome assembly Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure and function of the peroxisome?

Membranous sac containing catabolic enzymes; catalyses breakdown of toxic substances Signup and view all the answers

How does the structure of the mitochondrion relate to its function?

Double membrane structure; inner membrane highly folded into internal cristae; site of aerobic respiration (ATP production) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) from other eukaryotic organelles?

A membrane network that may be bare (smooth ER) or studded with ribosomes (rough ER); transports materials between organelles (smooth ER = lipids; rough ER = proteins) Signup and view all the answers

How does the structure of ribosomes differ between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Two subunits made of RNA and protein; larger in eukaryotes (80S) than prokaryotes (70S) Signup and view all the answers

How does cholesterol interact with phospholipids in the cell membrane?

It interacts with the fatty acid tails of phospholipids to moderate the properties of the membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cholesterol in animal cell membranes?

It functions to maintain integrity and mechanical stability. Signup and view all the answers

How would you describe the fluidity of phospholipid bilayers?

Phospholipid bilayers are fluid, with the phospholipids in constant movement relative to one another. Signup and view all the answers

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