Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Sub-cellular Structures

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Questions and Answers

What is the reason electrons are used in microscopy instead of light waves?

  • Electrons have a larger wavelength than light waves
  • Electrons have a similar wavelength to light waves
  • Electrons have a smaller wavelength than light waves (correct)
  • Electrons have a different property than light waves

What is the primary difference between scanning electron microscopes and transmission electron microscopes?

  • Type of image produced (correct)
  • Cost of the microscope
  • Magnification power
  • Sample preparation

What is the maximum magnification power of an electron microscope?

  • x5,000,000
  • x1,000,000
  • x2,000,000 (correct)
  • x100,000

What is the formula to calculate the size of an object using a microscope?

<p>size of object = size of image / magnification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using standard form in microscopy calculations?

<p>To simplify very large or small numbers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do scientists need to culture microorganisms in the lab?

<p>To grow many of them for study (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of mixing the bacterial suspension with sterile nutrient broth?

<p>To provide a medium for bacterial growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of agar in a Petri dish?

<p>To serve as a culture medium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are Petri dishes and culture media sterilized before use?

<p>To prevent contamination with other microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of incubating the agar plate?

<p>To allow bacteria to grow and form colonies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of wire loops called inoculating loops?

<p>To spread the bacterial suspension evenly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of stoppering the flask with cotton wool?

<p>To prevent air from contaminating the flask (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell retains the ability to differentiate throughout its life?

<p>Stem cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the acrosome in sperm cells?

<p>To break down the outer layers of the egg cell membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of water movement in a concentrated sugar solution?

<p>From high water potential to low water potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to an animal cell when placed in a hypotonic solution?

<p>It bursts due to water gain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the DNA in bacterial cells?

<p>Circular (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a solution with the same concentration of sugar as the cell?

<p>Isotonic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when cells gain new sub-cellular structures to suit their role?

<p>Differentiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a partially permeable membrane bag model?

<p>To model the movement of water in and out of a cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mitochondria in sperm cells?

<p>To supply energy for movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the bacterial cell wall?

<p>Peptidoglycan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a solution with a higher concentration of sugar than the cell?

<p>Hypertonic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy requirement for osmosis?

<p>It does not use energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of cell division do chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell?

<p>Mitosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

<p>To grow and develop tissues, and replace damaged cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproduction involves the production of offspring through mitosis?

<p>Asexual reproduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic shape of replicated DNA during Interphase?

<p>'X' shape (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of Cytokinesis?

<p>Formation of two identical daughter cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of stem cells?

<p>They can undergo division to produce many more similar cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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