Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, Plants, and Fungi

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes a prokaryotic cell?

  • A cell that is only found in extreme environments.
  • A cell lacking a nucleus and most other organelles. (correct)
  • A cell that is always part of a multicellular organism.
  • A cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

What domain do protists belong to?

  • Archaea
  • Bacteria
  • Microbiota
  • Eukarya (correct)

Which of these is a key characteristic of a gymnosperm?

  • They lack a vascular system.
  • They have seeds enclosed in fruit.
  • They bear flowers.
  • They bear seeds directly on the scales of cones. (correct)

Which of the following groups is the most diverse among eukaryotic organisms?

<p>Insects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hyphae in fungi?

<p>To provide roots for food source (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of microbiota?

<p>The community of microorganisms that live in and on our bodies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes an organism that feeds on others?

<p>Heterotroph. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major group of plants?

<p>Lycophytes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Eukaryotic cell

A cell that has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Prokaryotic cell

A cell lacking a nucleus and most other organelles.

Archaea

Extreme prokaryotes that live in harsh environments like hot springs, salt lakes, and deep-sea vents.

Microbiota

The community of microorganisms that live in and on our bodies.

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Gymnosperm

A group of organisms that bear their seeds directly on the scales of cones.

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Autotroph

Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis, like plants.

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Heterotroph

Organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms.

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Insects

The most diverse group of eukaryotic organisms. They range from ants to butterflies to beetles.

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Study Notes

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

  • Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
  • Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
  • Archaea are extreme prokaryotes.
  • Archaea are found in soil, wetlands, lakes, oceans, and ice.
  • Bacteria are prokaryotic cells.
  • Microbiota includes the community of microorganisms living in and on bodies.
  • Endotoxins result in sickness in humans.
  • Protists belong to domain Eukarya.
  • Protists are eukaryotic cells.

Plants

  • Bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms are four main groups of plants.
  • Ferns are seedless vascular plants.
  • Gymnosperms are seed plants whose seeds develop directly on the scales of cones.
  • Angiosperms are flowering plants.
  • Lycophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms have lignin and a vascular system.

Fungi

  • Yeast, cheese, black mold, and thrush are examples of fungi.
  • Hyphae are important for fungi.
  • Roots are a food source.
  • Phyla refer to classifications of animals.

Animals

  • Invertebrates and vertebrates are animal groups.
  • Invertebrates and vertebrates show a large variety.
  • Insects are the most diverse group of eukaryotic organisms.
  • Autotrophs feed themselves.
  • Heterotrophs feed on others.
  • Pollution is a threat to biodiversity.

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