Projectile Motion

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Questions and Answers

Under which condition does a projectile achieve its maximum range, assuming no air resistance?

  • When fired at an angle of 30°
  • When fired at an angle of 45° (correct)
  • When fired vertically (90°)
  • When fired at an angle of 60°

If a motorcycle's velocity doubles while maintaining a constant mass, what happens to its momentum?

  • It halves
  • It doubles (correct)
  • It quadruples
  • It remains the same

A 6.00 kg ball moves to the right at 6.00 m/s, while another 6.00 kg ball moves to the left at 3.00 m/s. What is the total momentum of the system?

  • 7.00 kg m/s to the right
  • 9.00 kg m/s to the right (correct)
  • 20.00 kg m/s to the left
  • 54.00 kg m/s to the right

What energy transformation primarily occurs in headphones?

<p>Electrical energy into sound energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Jose kicks a 'sipa' in a street game with equal horizontal and vertical velocity components. At what angle does the initial velocity make with the horizontal?

<p>45° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If Billy runs two laps around a 400-m track in 200 seconds, what is his average speed?

<p>4 m/s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A boy at rest starts running at 10 m/s in 5 seconds. What is his average acceleration?

<p>2 m/s² (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A surfboard is moving with a momentum of 8 kg m/s at a velocity of 4 m/s. What is the mass of the surfboard?

<p>2 kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A tennis ball with a mass of 0.5 kg has a momentum of 15 kg m/s after being hit. What is the velocity of the tennis ball?

<p>30 m/s (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most directly influenced by the amount of force applied over a period of time?

<p>Impulse (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle explains why an egg is more likely to break when dropped on concrete than on grass?

<p>The time interval for stopping is greater on the grass. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At the top of a rollercoaster's climb, just before it descends, what type of energy primarily does it possess?

<p>Both kinetic and potential energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which energy transformation occurs in a generator?

<p>Mechanical to electrical (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student lifts a 3-kg book from the floor to a shelf 2.0 m high. What is the potential energy gained by the book relative to the floor?

<p>58.88 J (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As a runner jumps over a hurdle, neglecting friction, how does their potential energy at the highest point compare to their kinetic energy at the lowest point?

<p>The potential energy is equal to the kinetic energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy transformation is best exemplified by a motorcycle accelerating down a hill?

<p>Both kinetic and potential energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An object is launched into the air and is only subject to gravity. What is this motion known as?

<p>Projectile Motion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An object with a mass of 34 kg has a kinetic energy of 25 J. How fast is the object moving?

<p>1.28 m/s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of energy is associated with a toy that is fully wound but stationary?

<p>Potential energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action will most effectively reduce your electrical bill?

<p>Putting off appliances when not in use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Uniformly Accelerated Motion

Motion with a constant rate of change in velocity.

Projectile's Maximum Range Angle

In projectile motion, the maximum range is achieved at this angle.

Momentum

Mass in motion; product of mass and velocity.

Law of Conservation of Momentum

In a closed system, total momentum remains constant.

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Kinetic Energy

Energy due to motion; proportional to the square of speed.

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Convection

Heat transfer in air conditioning involves this process.

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Headphone Energy Transformation

Electrical energy converted to sound energy.

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Speed

Scalar; rate of change of distance.

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Velocity

Vector; the rate of change of displacement.

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Distance

Scalar; total path traveled.

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Displacement

Vector; how far from the original position.

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Acceleration Due to Gravity

The constant acceleration due to gravity.

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Impulse

Influence of force and time.

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Third Law of Motion

Conserved, equal and opposite force.

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Rollercoaster Energy (Top)

The energy of a rollercoaster at the top of the railway.

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Potential Energy

Stored energy due to position or condition.

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Generator Energy Transformation

Energy transformation in a generator.

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Projectile Motion

Motion of an object thrown into the air.

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Radiant Energy

A form of kinetic energy.

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Thermal Energy

Total kinetic energy in a closed system.

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Study Notes

  • Motion with constant acceleration is known as Uniformly Accelerated Motion.
  • When a ping pong ball is tossed and reaches its highest point, neither its velocity nor its acceleration is zero.
  • When an object is hit vertically upward, the acceleration due to gravity is 0 at its highest point.
  • An airplane accelerating at 3.20 m/s² for 32.80 s covers 1721.34 m before takeoff.
  • Javier Sotomayor's high jump world record of 2.45 m had a takeoff speed of 6.92 m/s.

Projectile Motion

  • A projectile achieves maximum range when fired at 45 degrees in the absence of air resistance.
  • Momentum is directly proportional to mass and velocity i.e. larger and faster objects have greater momentum.
  • A roller skate moving has greater momentum than a Mack truck at rest.
  • Momentum refers to mass in motion.
  • In a closed system, the total momentum remains constant, according to the law of conservation of momentum.
  • Rebound is a special type of collision with a direction and speed change.
  • Impulse is a fast-acting force or impact.
  • The SI unit for impulse is kg m/s.
  • Doubling a motorcycle's velocity doubles its momentum, which becomes 12000 units.
  • A 30.00 kg mass falling from 4.00 m has a momentum of 265.63 kg m/s just before impact.
  • The higher an object is from the ground, the greater its gravitational potential energy.
  • The total momentum of a 6.00 kg ball moving at 6.00 m/s to the right and a 6.00 kg ball moving at 3.00 m/s to the left is 7.00 kg m/s to the right.
  • Energy is converted from one form to another, in accordance with the law of conservation of energy.
  • Kinetic energy is directly proportional to the square of speed.
  • Convection is the main process of heat transfer in an air-conditioning unit.
  • Headphones transform electrical energy into sound energy.
  • In the street game sipa, the initial velocity of Jose has horizontal and vertical components with equal magnitude forming 45 degree angles with the horizontal.
  • A ratan ball follows a parabolic path when kicked from a height.
  • Speed is the rate of change of distance and is a scalar quantity.
  • Velocity is the rate of change of displacement and is a vector quantity.
  • Billy ran 2 laps around a 400-m track in 200 seconds with an average speed of 4 m/s.
  • Jack's average velocity is 0 m/s , after running 2 laps around a 400-meter track in 200 seconds, as displacement is 0.
  • A boy accelerating from rest to 10 m/s in 5 seconds has an average acceleration of 2 m/s².
  • Distance is a scalar quantity that measures the total path travelled by an object.
  • An object's momentum is affected by mass and velocity.
  • Displacement is a vector quantity measuring how far an object has moved from its original position.
  • The acceleration due to gravity has a constant value of -9.8 m/s².
  • Projectile motion, is observed in some sports.
  • A surfboard rolling at 4 m/s with a momentum of 8 kg-m/s has a mass of 2 kg.
  • A tennis ball with a mass of 0.5 kg and momentum of 15 kg-m/s has a velocity of 30 m/s.
  • Impulse is influenced by the amount of force and time.
  • The third law of motion is how momentum is conserved wherein equal and opposite forces are exerted between two objects.
  • Eggs break on roads due to shorter stopping time, but not on grass due to longer stopping time.
  • A rollercoaster moving slowly at the top of a railway possesses both kinetic and potential energy.
  • All power plants use steam to drive turbines to produce electricity except coal-fired plants.
  • Chemical energy is a form of potential energy.
  • The correct path of electrical power is: power plant → transmission substations → distribution substations → residences.
  • Generators transform mechanical energy to electrical energy.
  • A 3-kg book lifted 2.0 m acquires 58.88 J of potential energy with reference to the floor.
  • A runner's potential energy at the highest point is equal to their kinetic energy at the lowest point, neglecting friction.
  • A motorcycle going fast midway down a hill possesses both kinetic and potential energy.
  • Projectile motion involves objects thrown or projected into the air subjected to the acceleration of gravity.
  • An object with 25 J of kinetic energy and a mass of 34 kg is moving at 1.28m/s.
  • Radiant energy is a form of kinetic energy.
  • A wind-up toy that is fully wound and at rest possesses potential energy.
  • Thermal energy is best described as the total kinetic energy in a closed system.
  • Reducing electric bills can be achieved by switching off unused appliances.

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