Project Management Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the minimum attendance requirement for students to be graded?

  • 4 classes per week
  • All courses and seminars
  • 7 courses and seminars
  • 50% of the course (correct)
  • What is the minimum grade required for a student to pass the course?

  • 4
  • 3
  • 5 (correct)
  • 2
  • What is the weight of the exam grade in the final course grade?

  • 100%
  • 20%
  • 60%
  • 40% (correct)
  • What are the required components of the team project presentation?

    <p>Background/ rationale, Objectives and methodology, Empirical research/ assessment, Key findings, Recommendations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a possible analytical instrument for the team project?

    <p>Financial analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of the project?

    <p>To develop a virtual library specialized in project management from Romania. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key project phase?

    <p>Launching a marketing campaign for a new product. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The project is funded by

    <p>EU funds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following expert roles is NOT specifically mentioned as required due to the EU funding?

    <p>Marketing expert. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial challenge related to EU funding?

    <p>Complying with public procurement rules. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the key project phases involves market analysis?

    <p>Selection of library resources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated duration of the pilot library implementation?

    <p>3 months. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary challenge associated with managing sub-teams in this project?

    <p>Preventing sub-teams from working independently and becoming isolated. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which communication form has the highest demand for resources?

    <p>Project Workshop (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of a project workshop?

    <p>To establish a shared understanding of the project and its goals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which communication form is typically used to address specific problems and challenges?

    <p>Sub-team Meeting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which communication form is most likely to be characterized as a one-way communication?

    <p>Project Meeting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these factors is considered in calculating a manager's success?

    <p>Tenure in the organization vs. level achieved (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a benefit of a project workshop?

    <p>Reducing the overall duration of a project (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these communication forms is typically used once in the project lifecycle?

    <p>Project Kick-off Meeting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a defining characteristic of an effective manager?

    <p>High rates of promotion within the organization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a factor that contributes to a manager's effectiveness?

    <p>The manager's tenure within the organization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Project Communication Plan?

    <p>To provide a comprehensive strategy for communication activities throughout the project lifecycle. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leadership style involves seeking individual input from team members but not facilitating a group discussion?

    <p>Consultative (C1) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leadership style relies heavily on a system of rewards and punishments to motivate employees?

    <p>Transactional (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key assumption of Transactional leadership?

    <p>Subordinates are self-motivated. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leadership style focuses on fostering strong connections between the leader and followers?

    <p>Relationship Theories (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leadership style is particularly effective in situations with high stress and uncertainty?

    <p>Charismatic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of a Transformational leader?

    <p>To foster individual growth and potential. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which leadership style does the leader work with the team to achieve a consensus decision?

    <p>Collaborative (G2) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key characteristic of Charismatic leadership?

    <p>The ability to inspire and motivate through charm and persuasion. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which role is primarily responsible for approving work before it becomes effective?

    <p>Accountable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a RACI matrix, what is the primary function of the 'Consulted' role?

    <p>Offer information or expertise related to the task (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended maximum number of participation types a role should receive for each task?

    <p>One (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately reflects the relationship between a role and a person?

    <p>One person can perform multiple roles, and multiple people can fulfill the same role. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of involving team members in the development of a Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)?

    <p>Provides a clear understanding of who is responsible for each task and how it should be performed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial to ensure that every task has at least one person assigned as 'Responsible' and 'Accountable'?

    <p>To clarify who is ultimately responsible for the successful completion of each task and who has the authority to approve it. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which team member should be notified of the progress of a task, but need not be consulted or involved in the actual execution?

    <p>Informed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core benefit of using a RACI matrix in managing projects?

    <p>It helps to prevent overload and underload of team members by clarifying responsibilities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the paper, according to the excerpt?

    <p>The transition from a functional hierarchy to a project-based organization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Star Model?

    <p>A framework for designing project-based organizations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a strength of the functional hierarchy, according to the paper?

    <p>Flexibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of information for the strengths of the functional hierarchy identified in the paper?

    <p>Previous research by the authors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the functional hierarchy losing its strengths in some organizations?

    <p>Changes in the external context of organizations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a central assumption of the paper regarding the transition from functional hierarchy to project-based organization?

    <p>This transition requires careful planning and consideration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Table 1 in the paper?

    <p>To illustrate the five elements of the Star Model and how they relate to the functional hierarchy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main implication of Van de Ven et al.'s (2013) research for the paper's focus on organizational change?

    <p>The success of organizational change depends on the alignment between internal and external factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Socio-psychological dimension

    The interplay of social factors and psychology affecting team management.

    Team grading composition

    The grading breakdown for the course: exam (40%), seminar and team project (40%), interim (20%).

    Minimum attendance requirement

    Students must attend at least 7 out of 14 classes or seminars.

    Team project structure

    Each team must prepare a presentation including background, objectives, methodology, findings, and recommendations.

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    Promotion conditions

    Students must score at least a 5 on the team project, interim evaluation, and final exam to pass.

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    Project phases

    Key stages of the project include initial analysis, technical design, resource selection, pilot implementation, and launch.

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    Initial analysis

    The phase assessing beneficiary needs and existing libraries, evaluating current resources.

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    Technical design

    The phase focused on programming and detailing the virtual library's architecture.

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    Library resources selection

    Choosing books and materials based on market analysis and relevance to management.

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    Pilot library implementation

    Testing the library with feedback collection and adjustments based on user experience.

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    Launch phase

    The final phase where the virtual library goes public along with a marketing campaign.

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    Project organization chart

    A visual representation showing roles, relationships, and responsibilities within the project team.

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    EU funding challenges

    Specific issues related to human resource allocation in EU-funded projects, including legal and procurement experts.

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    Autocratic Leadership A1

    Decisions made using existing information without team input.

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    Autocratic Leadership A2

    Leader consults the team for specific information before deciding.

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    Consultative Leadership C1

    Leader gathers individual opinions but maintains final decision-making.

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    Consultative Leadership C2

    Group discussion occurs, but the leader still makes the final decision.

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    Collaborative Leadership

    Leader works with the team to achieve group consensus.

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    Transactional Leadership

    Focuses on supervision, organization, and performance management through rewards.

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    Transformational Leadership

    Leaders inspire and motivate group members to achieve their potential.

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    Charismatic Leadership

    Leaders use charm and persuasive communication to motivate others.

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    Responsible

    The person who owns the problem/project/activity.

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    Accountable

    The person who approves and signs off on work before it becomes effective.

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    Supportive

    A person who provides resources or a supporting role in implementation.

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    Consulted

    A person who provides information and expertise necessary for the project.

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    Informed

    A person who needs to be notified of results but doesn't need to be consulted.

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    RACI Matrix

    A tool that clarifies roles and responsibilities among project team members.

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    Golden Rule of Accountability

    Each task should have one accountable person to avoid confusion.

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    Roles vs. Individuals

    A role is a descriptor for tasks, and many can fulfill one role.

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    Successful Managers

    Managers promoted quickly within their organization.

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    Effective Managers

    Managers who have satisfied subordinates and high-performing units.

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    Average Managers

    Managers with an average score in a research study.

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    Success Measurement

    Calculated by a manager's level divided by tenure.

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    Effectiveness Measurement

    Based on performance quality and subordinate satisfaction.

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    One-on-One Meeting

    A direct communication between a project manager and a team member.

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    Project Meeting

    A one-way briefing for the project team, lasting 2-3 hours.

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    Project Workshop

    Involves communication among the project team and stakeholders, potentially taking 1-2 days.

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    Project Communication Plan

    A plan that describes how project communications will be structured and controlled.

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    Communication Structures

    Reflects the advantages and challenges of different meeting types.

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    Functional hierarchy

    A structured organization model where roles are divided into specific functions.

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    Strengths of functional hierarchy

    Benefits provided by a functional hierarchy, like cohesion and culture.

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    Project-based organization

    An organizational form that emphasizes project execution over traditional hierarchical structures.

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    Star Model™

    A framework for designing organizations by focusing on five key elements.

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    Turner & Keegan’s strengths

    Six advantages identified by Turner and Keegan that functional hierarchies provide to organizations.

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    Cohesion in organizations

    The degree to which members of an organization work together effectively and harmoniously.

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    Organizational design elements

    Key components that determine an organization’s structure and functioning, particularly in project-based setups.

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    Alignment in organizations

    The fit between internal structures and external contexts impacting organizational effectiveness.

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    Study Notes

    Leadership & Project Team Management

    • The course familiarizes students with the socio-psychological dimension of project team management.
    • Teamwork is a vital criterion for competitive organizations, but good teamwork practices are not always implemented optimally.
    • As a result, organizations do not fully leverage the potential of effectively coordinated teams.

    Evaluation

    • The grade comprises:
      • 40% Exam grade
      • 40% Seminar and team project grade
      • 20% Interim grade (semester evaluation)
    • Participation requirement: Minimum 50% attendance.
      • Attend at least 7 courses and seminars (4 classes/week).
      • All teaching activities are in-person.
    • Promotion conditions (grade of 5):
      • Minimum 5 in the team project
      • Minimum 5 in the interim evaluation
      • Minimum 5 in the final exam

    Instructions for Team Projects

    • Teams consist of 4 to 6 members (possibly the same as PM1 teams).
    • Each team selects an LPTM topic, relevant project, and analytical instrument (e.g., training needs assessment, job profiling, team roles profiling, organizational culture profiling).
    • A 15-minute presentation is required, covering:
      • Background and rationale
      • Objectives and methodology
      • Empirical research/assessment
      • Key findings
      • Recommendations
    • Deadline for team presentations: Last course (per syllabus)
    • Deadline for final projects: During the exam session (to be confirmed).

    Project

    • A project is a temporary endeavor to create a unique product, service, or result (PMBOK® Guide).
    • A temporary organization for a relatively unique, short- to medium-term, strategically important process, medium to large in scope (Happy Projects!, Gareis, R., Manz, Vienna 2006).

    Project Characteristics

    • Temporary with a definite beginning and end (not necessarily short in duration).
    • Unique product, service, or result (although repetitive elements may be present in some project deliverables).
      • Can be an end item or a component item.
      • A capability to perform a service or support production/distribution.
      • A result, for example, knowledge gained from a research project.
    • Progressive Elaboration (developing in steps and continuing by increments).

    Project: A Social System

    • Project boundaries and project context.
    • Relative project autonomy and self-organizing.

    Typical Project Life Cycle Costs and Staffing

    • A graph showing cost and staffing level across the project life cycle.
      • Starting the project
      • Organizing and preparing
      • Carrying out the work
      • Closing the project
    • Includes labels such as Project Management Outputs, Project Charter, Project Management Plan, Accepted Deliverables, and Archived Documents.

    Map of Processes: IT Company

    • A diagram illustrating processes within an IT company, categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary.
    • Processes include Contact to Lead, Lead to Opportunity, Pre-Sales, Proposal Preparation, Contracting, Contract to Reference, Campaign to Lead, Business Development, Partner Development, Product Development, Service Development, PR, Project Portfolio Management, Strategic Planning, and Forecasting.

    Adequate Organizations for Different Processes

    • Table comparing aspects (frequency, scope, importance, duration, resources, cost, number of organizations, type of organization, and management approaches) of different organizational types (permanent organization, project, and program).
    • Organizational types are matched to their process management approach.

    Example: Project Definition of an Austrian Bank

    • Table defining small project, project, and program by criteria such as strategic importance, duration, organizations involved, resources, and costs.
    • Information is presented in terms of minimum values.

    Making Disciplined Structural and Choices is Key to Increase Team Performance

    • A graph illustrating a team performance curve through the stages.
    • Explains that teams in transition from a working-group to a performance unit may develop into "Compromise units."
    • Emphasizes the need for leaders to carefully navigate the transition process to avoid becoming "Compromise units"

    Types of Project Teams

    • There are four types of organizational structures:
      • Functional
      • Project
      • Matrix
      • Composite (different combinations)

    Functional Team

    • Organizations are divided by work type (e.g., engineering, production, sales).
    • Divisional managers are often project coordinators.
    • Project managers typically have limited authority over resources and budgets.

    Matrix Team

    • A hybrid structure between project-oriented and functional structures.
    • Project managers are typically assigned part-time or full-time.
    • Team members are assigned from various departments.
    • Functional departments are still involved in funding the project manager and team members.

    Weak Matrix

    • Project management resides with functional managers.

    Strong Matrix

    • Separate project management arm
    • Project managers are on the same level as functional managers.

    Project-Oriented Team

    • Organizations structured around projects.
    • Project managers usually have full-time role; may manage multiple projects.
    • Significant independence and authority to draw on resources with minimal required approval..
    • Some form of functional divisions utilized as placeholders for resources projects can use.
    • Departments/ business units/ project implementation units.

    Examples-Guess What Type of Teams

    • Case studies of various project scenarios and their corresponding organizational structure types (functional vs. project).

    Communication Forms

    • A matrix showing when to use appropriate communication forms
      • Project Management Quality
      • One-on-one meeting
      • Project meeting
      • Project workshop
      • Different levels of demand for resources

    One-on-One Meeting

    • Communication between project manager and individual project team member.
    • Includes "selective perception" process of project manager.
    • Typically 1-2 hours in-house.
    • Focus on specific tasks, feedback, and performance reviews.

    Project Meeting

    • Briefing (of the project team etc.).
    • One-way communication.
    • Duration: 2-3 hours in-house.

    Project Workshop

    • Communication between project team/project owner
    • High project management quality.
    • Usually 1-2 days outside the company.

    Lecture 2  - Project HR Management

    • Topics include objectives, team roles (Belbin), HR management, and practice questions.

    The Belbin Test for Assessing Team Roles

    • Dr. Meredith Belbin and his team at Henley Management College developed it in the 1970s.
    • Team Roles are tendencies to behave, contribute and interrelate with others in a particular way.
    • 8+1 Team roles.

    Lessons Learned

    • Most people have preferred team roles or behaviors.
    • Manageable roles are not usually the most natural
    • Teams of four or more can easily represent all nine Belbin roles.

    The 10 Knowledge Areas

    • Comprehensive list of knowledge areas for project management.

    Definition

    • Project human resource management is the process of gathering, organizing and managing a project team.

    Knowledge Area Overview

    • A diagram illustrating the process of acquiring, developing, and managing a project team across the planning and execution phases.

    Plan Human Resource Management

    • Establishing the project roles, responsibilities, and required skills.
    • Creating project organization charts, staffing management plans and timetables for staff acquisition/release.

    Organizational Structures

    • Organizational structure affects resource availability and project conduction.
    • Different organizational structures influence the ability of the project manager to manage resources and project.

    Classic Functional Organization

    • Hierarchical structure, each employee reports to one clear superior.
    • Departments (e.g., production, marketing) group by specialty.
    • Each department manages its projects individually.

    Matrix Organizations

    • Combination of functional and projectized characteristics.
    • Weak Matrix - Functional managers manage projects (minimal project manager authority).
    • Balanced Matrix - Sharing of project management responsibilities between functional and project managers.
    • Strong Matrix - Functional and project managers have equal authority.
    • Projectized - project managers have primary responsibility.

    Projectized Organization

    • Team members are often collocated in project locations.
    • Resources are largely focused on project work.
    • Project managers have high independence and authority

    What Team(s) would best work for… and Why?

    • Case studies (research project in green energy, visit of US President, educational center for poor children).

    Exercise

    • Teams of 5-7 work to identify best organizational type (functional, matrix, projectized) for a project and justify their choice, including pros and cons.

    PMP Exam Sample Questions (and Answers)

    • Multiple-choice questions.
      • Answers provided for identifying the best organizational structure given situation.

    Acquiring Project Team

    • Establishing human resource availability and obtaining the necessary team to complete project assignments.

    Developing Project Team

    • Process improving team competencies.
    • Team member interaction.
    • Overall team environment.
    • Improved teamwork
    • Enhanced employee skills and competencies,
    • Reduced staff turnover rates.
    • Improved overall project performance
    • Includes the five stages of Tuckman's stages: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Adjourning. 

    Managing Project Team

    • Process of evaluating team member performance, providing feedback, resolving problems, and managing changes.

    Managing Project Team – Tools and Techniques

    • Techniques includes Project performance appraisals (360-degree feedback), and Conflict Management approaches
      • Problem Solving (Confronting)
      • Compromising
      • Collaborating
      • Forcing
      • Withdrawing/Avoiding
      • Smoothing/Accommodating

    Sample Exam Questions

    • Various exam questions dealing with different aspects of management.

    Motivational Theories

    • Content and process theories explained
    • Includes various theories and key components in each category

    Project Communication Plan

    • Processes involved in the structured, monitored and controlled communication plan
    • Key components included in the information and plans

    Communication Methods

    • Interactive, push, and pull techniques explained with details on how they work in practice
    • Interaction between groups, information distribution,
    • Accessibility depending on audience and information volume

    Key Aspects for Homework

    • Organization chart.
    • RAM (Responsibility Assignment Matrix).
    • Project team type (with justification)

    Leadership Theories

    • Early, trait, behavioral, situational, participative, transactional, relationship theories are explained. Included are
    • Great Man Theory, traits associated with great leadership, and criticism of trait theories.
    • Various leadership styles and approaches are included.

    Organizational Culture

    • Organizational culture refers to the shared values, beliefs, norms, and practices within an organization.
    • Key element, including core values and beliefs, norms and expectations, symbols, rituals and traditions, communication patterns, and style of leadership.
    • Important aspects and how they affect organizations.

    Change Management

    • Details about the change process
    • Levels of change, from individual to societal, Adaptation vs Transformation
    • Various models include Lewin's Change Process, Force Field Approach to Change, Beckhard's Change Formula and Argyris' Theory
    • Factors that impact change
      • Resistance to change

    Additional topics

    • Key stakeholder mapping,
    • Lessons learned,
    • Tips for giving feedback; principles
    • How to deal with mistakes and common issues throughout project,
    • Questions to be considered during lessons/lectures

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the key aspects of project management, including attendance requirements, project phases, and team roles. This quiz challenges your understanding of project goals, funding, and communication forms essential for successful project execution.

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