Project Management II - Week 3 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term that describes a single unified treatment of all major risks faced by an organization?

  • Risk Control
  • Enterprise Risk Management (correct)
  • Risk Mitigation
  • Risk Assessment
  • How can an organization reduce its overall risk by managing individual risks?

  • By identifying and eliminating all risks.
  • By prioritizing risks based on their impact.
  • By offsetting risks that are not perfectly correlated. (correct)
  • By investing in risk-free assets.
  • What is the main output of the risk identification process?

  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Mitigation Plan
  • Risk Management Strategy
  • Risk Register (correct)
  • What is the primary purpose of a Risk Register?

    <p>To document all risks, including impact, probability, and owner (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically included in a Risk Register?

    <p>Risk Control Measures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the time value of money important in Risk Management?

    <p>It allows for the evaluation of potential financial impacts of risks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The statement "Time is money" is related to Risk Management because:

    <p>Delaying risk mitigation can lead to increased costs in the future. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common method used to manage financial risks?

    <p>Risk Budgeting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of implementing risk responses?

    <p>To reduce the negative impact of risks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is consequence typically measured in risk management?

    <p>Using a combination of factors, such as financial loss, project delays, and reputation damage. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Risk Management Information System (RMIS)?

    <p>To store, update, and analyze risk management data. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical element of risk management?

    <p>Project Budget. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a risk cannot be avoided, what are the other possible strategies?

    <p>Transfer or accept. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the process of securing additional funding for a project often involve?

    <p>Submitting a project change request. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of annual project funding in most organizations?

    <p>To ensure that projects deliver value to stakeholders. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Projects are typically funded annually based on what?

    <p>A combination of planned needs and budget availability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of converting present value to future value called?

    <p>Compounding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which analytical approach includes acting upon insights gained from data analysis?

    <p>Applied analytics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation correctly represents the calculation of Expected Monetary Value (EMV)?

    <p>EMV = Probability x Impact (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Return on Investment (ROI) measure?

    <p>Financial return compared to the cost (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the sum of present values of future cash flows minus the cost of the project?

    <p>Net Present Value (NPV) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating risk?

    <p>Risk = Probability x Consequence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would predictive analytics be used?

    <p>Determining credit scores for potential borrowers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does data play in decision-making?

    <p>Data serves as a basis for making informed decisions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of risk does Strategic Risk pertain to?

    <p>Uncertainty regarding the firm’s financial goals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Financial Risk primarily associated with?

    <p>Uncertainty caused by changes in commodity prices and interest rates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the analysis of Probability and Impact help organizations achieve?

    <p>Determining the likelihood and impact of risks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of risk involves uncertainties stemming from day-to-day business operations?

    <p>Operational Risk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In risk management, what is a Management Reserve used for?

    <p>Covering unknown and unplanned events (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Contingency Reserve in risk management?

    <p>To address both identified and unforeseen project-related expenses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when determining risk tolerance for a project?

    <p>Type of project being delivered (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for project managers to consider financial contingencies?

    <p>To ensure funding for anticipated and unexpected losses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of contingency reserves in a project budget?

    <p>To implement a risk response or address risk events (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a constraint typically faced in project management?

    <p>Regulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must project managers be prepared to do regarding unforeseen issues during a project?

    <p>Improvise around actions and have a response plan for risks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of project risk, management reserves are primarily intended for what purpose?

    <p>To account for unforeseen costs related to in-scope work (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of inadequate risk planning in large complex projects?

    <p>Some issues may go unidentified and emerge unexpectedly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of projects is NOT considered complex?

    <p>Single-family home selling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key challenge common in all types of projects due to constraints?

    <p>Balancing competing priorities effectively (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential for projects to evolve from agreed-upon estimates?

    <p>To address uncertainties and incorporate contingency in budgeting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'risk' refer to in project management?

    <p>An uncertain event that can affect project objectives positively or negatively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is contained in a risk register?

    <p>Results of a risk assessment presented in table or spreadsheet format (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes overall project risk?

    <p>The effect of uncertainty on the project as a whole, arising from various sources (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should project managers consider the cost of risk mitigation?

    <p>To determine if it is feasible to mitigate the risk without affecting project objectives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step in the project risk management process?

    <p>Estimation of project timelines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are risk triggers in project management?

    <p>Events or conditions that cause a risk to happen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between pure risk and speculative risk?

    <p>Pure risk only involves the possibility of loss, while speculative risk can involve profit or loss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What roles must project managers navigate in relation to risk management?

    <p>Scope, time, cost, and quality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Risk

    An uncertain event or condition affecting project objectives positively or negatively.

    Risk Register

    A project document listing results of a risk assessment in table or spreadsheet format.

    Risk Event

    A specific uncertain event that may impact the project positively or negatively.

    Overall Project Risk

    The effect of uncertainty on the entire project from various sources.

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    Project Risk Management Process

    Steps include planning, identifying, analyzing, responding, and monitoring risks.

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    Trigger Event

    An event that causes or has caused a risk to occur.

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    Pure Risk

    A situation with only possibilities of loss or no loss beyond human control.

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    Speculative Risk

    A situation where both profit or loss are possible.

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    Enterprise Risk Management

    A unified approach to managing all major organizational risks.

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    Risk Identification Process

    The process that results in creating a risk register.

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    Risk Register Items

    Basic elements to include in a risk register.

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    Probability in Risk Management

    The likelihood of a risk occurring and impacting a project.

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    Time Value of Money

    A concept that suggests money available now is more valuable than the same amount in the future.

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    Hedging Techniques

    Methods used to offset financial risks through derivatives and contracts.

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    Risk Control Decisions

    Choices made to mitigate or manage identified risks in a project.

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    Strategic Risk

    Uncertainty regarding a firm’s financial goals and objectives.

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    Operational Risk

    Risk arising from day-to-day business operations.

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    Financial Risk

    Uncertainty of loss due to changes in prices, rates, or values.

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    IT Risk

    Broad classification of risks related to systems, software, and hardware.

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    Probability and Impact

    Analysis used to quantify risks and prioritize them based on likelihood and effect.

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    Contingency Reserve

    Funding set aside to address identified risks and other unplanned costs.

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    Management Reserve

    Budget category for unknown events, such as unplanned project scope changes.

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    Risk Financing

    Techniques that provide funding for anticipated or unknown losses.

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    Consequence

    The potential severity or impact of a risk event if it occurs.

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    Risk Management Information System (RMIS)

    A computerized database for storing and analyzing risk management data.

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    Risk Response Strategies

    Actions taken to address and manage identified risks effectively.

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    Risk Tolerance

    The degree of variability in outcomes that an organization is willing to tolerate.

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    Risk Appetite

    The amount of risk that an organization is willing to pursue in order to achieve its objectives.

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    Project Funding Approval

    The process of determining which projects will receive financial support annually.

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    Annual Project Planning

    The standard practice of budgeting and planning projects every year.

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    Return on Investment (ROI)

    A measure of the profitability of an investment, often required for project funding.

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    Project Budget

    The approved financial estimate for a project, including contingencies for risks.

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    Project Complexity

    The difficulty level of a project influenced by various constraints and unpredictabilities.

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    Constraints in Projects

    Factors like scope, time, cost, and quality that can challenge project completion.

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    Risk Planning in Projects

    The process of identifying and managing risks in project management.

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    Project Manager's Role

    To effectively respond to risks and improvising solutions during project execution.

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    PC Net Project Case

    A complex project case study involving risk management across diverse operations.

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    Present Value

    The current worth of future cash flows discounted at a specific rate.

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    Future Value

    The value of an investment at a specified date in the future, calculated using compound interest.

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    Compounding

    The process of earning interest on both the initial principal and the accumulated interest from previous periods.

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    Discounting

    The process of determining the present value of a cash flow at a specified future date.

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    Expected Monetary Value (EMV)

    A statistical technique used to calculate the average outcome of various scenarios in risk management.

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    Net Present Value (NPV)

    The present value of future cash flows minus the initial investment cost.

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    Risk Calculation

    A formula used to evaluate risk by assessing the probability of an event and its consequences.

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    Study Notes

    Project Management II - Week 3

    • Course: BUSN 10279
    • Instructor: Sandra Napoleone
    • Topics covered include risk management, overall project risk, project risk management process, trigger events, risk classification, probability and impact, risk register, and enterprise risk management.
    • Today's Agenda: Review of risk management, risk after class assignment, and individual risk assignments.

    Risk Definitions

    • Risk: An uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on one or more project objectives.
    • Risk Register: A project document that records the results of a risk assessment, displayed in a table or spreadsheet format.
    • Risk Event: A specific, uncertain event that may impact a project, either positively or negatively.

    Overall Project Risk

    • Overall project risk is the effect of uncertainty on the project as a whole.
    • It results from various sources, including individual risks and the exposure to positive and negative project outcomes.
    • Overall risk is often a function of complexity, ambiguity, and volatility.
    • Risk responses should be considered for the overall project, not just a specific event.
    • If overall risk is too high, the organization may choose to cancel the project or mitigate the risk. Always consider the cost of mitigation.

    Project Risk Management Process

    • Planning risk management
    • Identification of risks
    • Analysis of risks
    • Responses to risk
    • Monitoring and controlling risks

    Trigger Event

    • A trigger event is an event that causes or will cause the risk to happen.
    • Examples of risk triggers: Environment (physical), geography(location), resources (people, finances, systems).

    Risk Classification

    • Pure risk: A situation where the only possible outcomes are loss or no loss (e.g., earthquake). It's beyond human control.
    • Speculative risk: A situation where either profit or loss is possible (e.g., financial investments). It's taken voluntarily.
    • Strategic risk: Uncertainty regarding the firm's financial goals and objectives.
    • Operational risk: Risk stemming from daily business operations.
    • Financial risk: Uncertainty of loss from adverse changes in commodity prices, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and the value of money.
    • IT risk: Risk related to all things system related, software, hardware, connections, and apps.

    Probability and Impact

    • This analysis quantifies risks and determines likelihood and impact.
    • Analysis tools vary depending on the organization, risk tolerance, project complexity, and type.
    • Each risk requires prioritization and analysis to focus efforts effectively.
    • A risk assessment matrix is used to determine the level of risk (e.g., low, high).

    Risk Management and Contingency/Management Reserves

    • Project managers must consider contingencies.
    • Contingency Reserve: Funds set aside for identified risks that may occur during the project. It covers unplanned costs related to scope and time changes.
    • Management Reserve: Funds to cover unexpected events like unplanned scope changes or changes needed by stakeholders. This normally requires management approval.

    Enterprise Risk Management

    • Consolidating and viewing major risks into a single program to offset risks
    • Risks may not be perfectly correlated, allowing the offset of one risk against another.
    • The treatment of financial risks may require complex hedging techniques (financial derivatives, futures contracts, financial instruments).
    • Risk management can be handled internally or externally.

    Risk Register Exercise

    • Items that should be included in a risk register are:
      • Item #
      • Risk Description
      • Priority
      • Probability
      • Impact
      • Threat Level
      • Owner

    Risk Register Example (Additional notes on the example provided in the slides)

    • The example includes columns for risk event, consequence, probability, impact, risk level, modification plan, risk owner, and residual risk for each identified project risk.

    Project Funding/Approval

    • Senior leadership determines project funding annually, prioritizing those that deliver value to the organization and its stakeholders.
    • Project teams should know the organization’s funding processes.

    Risk Management and Finances (Additional notes on this section)

    • Risk managers analyze the big picture using the time value of money, considering cash flows over time within a project's life cycle.
    • The time value of money must be considered in decisions involving cash flows over time.
    • The present value must be converted to a future value through compounding, and the future value to a present value through discounting.
    • Making informed decisions requires data, information, money, and authority.
    • Applied analytics uses data to improve projects and businesses by acting on the insights derived from the analysis.
    • Predictive analytics uses data to generate information to help with making better decisions and predictions. (e.g., credit scoring).
    • Expected Monetary Value (EMV): Method of quantifying expected losses or gains from a project. EMV = Probability x Impact.
    • Return on Investment (ROI): Measures financial return compared to the cost of the project. ROI = Net Return on Investment x 100% / Cost of Investment.
    • Net Present Value (NPV): Sum of the present values of future cash flows minus the cost of the project.

    Risk Calculation

    • Risk = Probability x Consequence
    • Probability refers to the likelihood (chance) of a risk event occurring.
    • Consequence is the severity of the risk event if it occurs.

    Project Complexity

    • Projects are complex, regardless of industry, type, or size.
    • Constraints (scope, time, cost, competing priorities, risk, quality) contribute to complexity.
    • In large, complex projects, not all potential risks can be anticipated or foreseen.
    • Project managers must have a suitable response strategy and be able to improvise.

    PCNet Assignment

    • This is a complex case study of a project requiring a risk management analysis.
    • The assignment involves understanding the steps the project uses to manage risks.

    Gore Mutual Assignment (Individual Risk Assessment)

    • This assignment requires analysis of the Gore Mutual case study.
    • Due on January 31st.
    • Availability of the case study starts on January 23rd.

    Next Class

    • Upcoming topics and deadlines are outlined.

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    Description

    This quiz covers essential concepts in risk management as part of BUSN 10279. Key topics include the definition of risk, the risk management process, and the creation of a risk register. Prepare to dive deep into individual risk assignments and overall project risk.

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