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What is the primary purpose of defining a project?
What is the primary purpose of defining a project?
A project charter is solely a one-time document that does not require any updates.
A project charter is solely a one-time document that does not require any updates.
False
What are two consequences of poorly defined projects?
What are two consequences of poorly defined projects?
May not deliver expected results, lose focus and credibility
The project charter acts as a contract between the project team and the __________ team.
The project charter acts as a contract between the project team and the __________ team.
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Match the elements of the project charter with their descriptions:
Match the elements of the project charter with their descriptions:
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What should happen after the data has been collected and verified in a project?
What should happen after the data has been collected and verified in a project?
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Management support is not necessary for projects with unclear goals.
Management support is not necessary for projects with unclear goals.
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Name one key reason why project charters may evolve during a project.
Name one key reason why project charters may evolve during a project.
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What is one of the main outputs of the Define step?
What is one of the main outputs of the Define step?
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The Define phase of the DMAIC model is focused on the implementation of solutions.
The Define phase of the DMAIC model is focused on the implementation of solutions.
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What tool is used to summarize customer needs and perceptions?
What tool is used to summarize customer needs and perceptions?
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The primary goal of the Define phase is to identify the __________ and/or process to be improved.
The primary goal of the Define phase is to identify the __________ and/or process to be improved.
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Match the following Deliverables with their corresponding activities in the Define phase:
Match the following Deliverables with their corresponding activities in the Define phase:
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Which of the following best describes the result of monitoring and controlling variation?
Which of the following best describes the result of monitoring and controlling variation?
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Identifying customer problems is a key activity in the Define phase.
Identifying customer problems is a key activity in the Define phase.
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List one objective that must be defined in the Define phase.
List one objective that must be defined in the Define phase.
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Which statement about a problem statement is NOT true?
Which statement about a problem statement is NOT true?
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A problem statement should always include the cause of the problem.
A problem statement should always include the cause of the problem.
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What does SMART stand for in a project goal statement?
What does SMART stand for in a project goal statement?
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Which of the following are considered stakeholders? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are considered stakeholders? (Select all that apply)
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A problem statement must include what is wrong and where it _____ .
A problem statement must include what is wrong and where it _____ .
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All stakeholders have the same level of influence on a project.
All stakeholders have the same level of influence on a project.
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Match the components of a problem statement:
Match the components of a problem statement:
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Which of the following indicates a good project goal?
Which of the following indicates a good project goal?
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What does VOC stand for?
What does VOC stand for?
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Stakeholder analysis involves assessing the ______ and influence of stakeholders on the project.
Stakeholder analysis involves assessing the ______ and influence of stakeholders on the project.
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A problem statement can include suggestions for solutions.
A problem statement can include suggestions for solutions.
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Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
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What effect does a high scrap rate on a production line typically have?
What effect does a high scrap rate on a production line typically have?
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Which of the following methods is NOT used to capture VOC?
Which of the following methods is NOT used to capture VOC?
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The primary goal of VOC is to provide high-quality service and product quality.
The primary goal of VOC is to provide high-quality service and product quality.
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Name one role that is considered a stakeholder in a project.
Name one role that is considered a stakeholder in a project.
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Which type of customer refers to those who receive and pay for the product or service?
Which type of customer refers to those who receive and pay for the product or service?
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Employees are considered external customers.
Employees are considered external customers.
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What are the specific items derived from customer needs called?
What are the specific items derived from customer needs called?
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The ______ of customer refers to their feedback and preferences regarding a product or service.
The ______ of customer refers to their feedback and preferences regarding a product or service.
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Match the following terms with their correct description:
Match the following terms with their correct description:
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What is the purpose of the SIPOC template?
What is the purpose of the SIPOC template?
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A decision symbol in a process flow can have more than two exit lines.
A decision symbol in a process flow can have more than two exit lines.
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What should be labeled on a decision symbol?
What should be labeled on a decision symbol?
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The primary purpose of a high-level process map is to understand what is ______ happening.
The primary purpose of a high-level process map is to understand what is ______ happening.
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Match the following components with their definitions:
Match the following components with their definitions:
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Which question is NOT typically asked when documenting a process?
Which question is NOT typically asked when documenting a process?
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Feedback loops are unnecessary in all process flows.
Feedback loops are unnecessary in all process flows.
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What should be done after summarizing the process on the SIPOC template?
What should be done after summarizing the process on the SIPOC template?
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Study Notes
Lean Six Sigma - DMAIC Model
- DMAIC is a data-driven problem-solving model for process improvement
- The model consists of five phases: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC)
Define Phase
- Objective: Identify the problem, define its scope, and set goals
-
Activities:
- Launch Team formation
- Establishing a project charter
- Planning the project
- Gathering customer feedback (voice of the customer)
- Planning for the change
-
Tools/Deliverables:
- Project Charter
- Team Charter
- SIPOC Diagram (Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs, Customers)
- Problem Statement
- Project Goal
- Project Scope
- Stakeholder Analysis
- Voice of the Customer (VOC)
- Critical to Quality (CTQ) requirements
- Kano Model
-
Output of the Define Phase:
- Well-defined problem/opportunity statement
- Project charter outlining purpose, goals, and boundaries
- High-level process map (SIPOC)
- Customer needs and requirements (VOC)
DMAIC - Define Phase - Key Concepts
- Define the problem: Describe the problem, its impact, and its effect on the organization
- Establish improvement objectives: Clearly define the objectives. Quantify, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound (SMART) goals
- Develop high-level process maps: Create a visual representation of the process, including inputs, outputs, and steps (SIPOC and High-Level Activity Map)
- Identify customer needs: Understand customer requirements (Voice of the Customer) and translate them into Critical to Quality (CTQ) requirements
- Link problem to key business drivers: Understand how the problem impacts the organization's key business objectives (business case), and why improvement is desired
- Identify performance standards (CTQs): Identify the specific characteristics to measure/control to satisfy customer needs. Quantify critical requirements
Core Processes and Key Customers
- Identify and define the critical processes required for operations (day-to-day business functions)
- Understand the key customers involved, along with their related requirements
Project Charter
- An agreement between management and team members outlining what the project team is expected to accomplish
- Elements of a project charter include the date, project title, project start date, problem description, impacts, project definition & scope, team members, milestones, projected timeline.
Choosing a Project
- Evaluation criteria for choosing a project:
- Is it within the team's control?
- Does the project support business goals?
- Is there a supportable business case?
- Is there support from process owners and sponsors?
- Does it align with organizational goals?
- Does it fit into the allotted schedule?
Problem Statement Example
- Clearly define what the problem is (specific details)
- State the magnitude/trend of the problem (quantify if possible).
- Identify the baseline performance metrics.
- Identify/Specify the effect/pain the issue is creating for the organization and/or customer.
- Define a defect (clearly defined problem).
Project Goal/Mission Statement
- State the goal of the project (SMART).
- Relate it to the problem being addressed.
- Example format: Improve "A" to "B" grade by "time frame."
Stakeholders Analysis
- Identify all stakeholders who can influence the project and who may be affected by the outcome of the project
- Determine their interest and power to understand how to effectively engage with them
- Stakeholder types: internal/external customers, managers, employees, suppliers
Project Scope
- Clearly define the boundaries
- Identify what's in/out of scope (e.g., time frame, product models, locations)
- Be actionable (to enable effective execution)
Voice of the Customer (VOC)
- Method for eliciting/capturing customer requirements and feedback.
- Various methods for capturing customer needs: direct discussions, interviews, surveys, focus groups, customer and service specifications, observations
- Crucial for understanding customer requirements.
Kano Model
- Classification model for understanding customer needs.
- Classifies customer requirements, helping determine priorities for improvement activities.
SIPOC (Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs, Customers) Diagram
- A diagram of a process that depicts the relationship between suppliers, inputs, process steps, outputs, and customers.
- It shows a 30,000-foot view of a process or an activity for outlining and understanding its inputs, outputs, customers, suppliers.
- Useful for visualization and understanding the scope of a process
High-Level Process (Activity) Map
- Illustrates each step of a process visually
- Helps understand and document a process to facilitate identification of causes of variation
Critical to Quality (CTQ)
- translate generic needs into specific items that specify requirements to measure/control.
- Critical to quality (CTQ) requirements are used to gauge if a customer requirement is met
- CTQ Example: Customer feedback: "I want a good hotel room"
CTQ to Metric Example
- Defining how to measure Critical to Quality (CTQ) needs.
- Demonstrates translating CTQ requirements into measurable metrics
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Define phase of project management, specifically focusing on the project charter and its essential elements. This quiz includes questions about the importance of clear goals, management support, and tools used for gathering customer insights. Challenge yourself to understand the key concepts and deliverables in defining a project.
