Project Management Course Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best defines a team?

  • An organization structure with defined hierarchies
  • A collection of individual workers
  • A group of people with a common aim that collaborate efficiently (correct)
  • Any group of people working in the same location

    • Project Managers only focus on managing costs and time.

    False

    What is the primary role of a Project Manager in a construction team?

    To manage and integrate various elements of the project.

    The concept of synergy in a team means that the whole is greater than the _____.

    <p>sum of its parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of project management to their corresponding definitions:

    <p>Scope = The work that needs to be completed to deliver a project Cost = The budgeted amount for the project Time = The duration required to complete the project Quality = The degree to which the project satisfies requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component managed by Project Managers?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Conflict management is an essential part of team leadership.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a barrier to team building?

    <p>High team morale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does cooperation influence the efficiency of a team?

    <p>It enhances communication and coordination among team members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A leader's primary role is to achieve tasks, while developing individuals is secondary.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key function of leadership in an organizational context?

    <p>Establishing a clear vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In managing a project, one essential action is to _____ results.

    <p>monitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these describes a key aspect of leading a project?

    <p>Recognizing the need to change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the leadership function with its description:

    <p>Providing direction = Initiating change Balancing conflicting interests = Coordinating stakeholders Communicating vision = Sharing goals with team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key responsibility of a project leader regarding their team?

    <p>To take corrective action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Performance appraisals that recognize teamwork can remove barriers to team building.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key reason for team building in a workplace?

    <p>To improve communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Team productivity can be improved through team building.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four stages of Tuckman's Team Development Model?

    <p>Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tuckman's model includes a fifth stage, which is called _______.

    <p>Adjourning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the various participants in a construction team to their respective roles:

    <p>Architects = Design the building Engineers = Ensure structural integrity Quantity Surveyors = Estimate costs and manage finances Project Managers = Oversee project execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT a benefit of effective collaboration?

    <p>Greater individual achievement without teamwork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In construction, teams are typically formed independently for each project.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one main purpose of getting to know each other within a team.

    <p>To identify strengths and weaknesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mode of conflict resolution?

    <p>Escalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Frustration is a positive outcome of conflict.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characterized by a 'give-and-take' attitude in conflict resolution?

    <p>Compromising</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mode of conflict resolution that involves facing the conflict directly is known as __________.

    <p>Confrontation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following options is a positive outcome of healthy conflict?

    <p>Improved standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the conflict resolution mode with its description:

    <p>Withdrawal = Retreating from disagreement Forcing = Exerting one's viewpoint at another's expense Smoothing = Avoiding areas of difference Compromising = Bargaining for mutual satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Forcing is characterized by a win-win situation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one negative effect of conflict.

    <p>Poor communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary roles of a manager in the workplace?

    <p>Get things done through employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Maslow's hierarchy, motivation does not depend on individual needs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of conflict mentioned in the content?

    <p>Person-role conflict, intra-role conflict, inter-role conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Healthy arguments within groups can improve __________, provided they are managed properly.

    <p>standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must goals be in order to effectively motivate individuals?

    <p>Realistic and measurable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following causes of conflict with their descriptions:

    <p>Person-role conflict = Personality clash requiring a specific behavior Intra-role conflict = Contradictory expectations about a single role Inter-role conflict = Simultaneous requirements from different roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Motivation can only be improved through training.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one way a construction manager can manipulate the social environment.

    <p>Through communication, pay &amp; conditions, or work standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trait is NOT commonly associated with effective project leaders?

    <p>Inflexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An autocratic leader is characterized by a focus solely on productivity and lacks flexibility.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one human relations soft skill important for project leaders.

    <p>Dealing effectively with conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A leader who balances production and people issues is known as a ________ leader.

    <p>Democratic/Team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the leadership styles with their characteristics:

    <p>Autocratic Leader = Lacks flexibility and is controlling Benevolent Leader = Very people-oriented and encouraging Laissez-faire Leader = Uninvolved, lets others make decisions Democratic/Team Leader = Balances production and people issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a primary focus of an effective project manager?

    <p>Motivating team members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Effective project leaders can help clarify misunderstandings among team members.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key quality of a benevolent leader?

    <p>Concern for people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The leadership style that organizes around people and creates a non-competitive atmosphere is known as ________.

    <p>Benevolent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of a laissez-faire leader?

    <p>To pass on information and let others make decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Course Information

    • Course Title: PROJECT MANAGEMENT
    • Course Code: 0404438
    • Course Leader: Prof. Alex Opoku (PhD, MSc, BSc (Hons), PGCHE, FHEA, MCIOB, FRICS), Professor of Sustainable Built Environment

    Lecture Overview

    • Management of project teams
    • Leadership theories
    • Motivation
    • Conflict management

    Course Learning Outcomes

    • Understand what a project is, project management, and the role/responsibilities of a project manager in a construction team.
    • Understand how project managers manage projects involving scope, time, cost, quality, human resources, communications, risk, and procurement.
    • Apply methods for estimating time and cost, and managing quality in construction.
    • Learn theories of leadership, communication, motivation, and conflict management within teams.
    • Understand procurement and risk management and their relationship.

    Project Management (Art vs Science)

    • Project management is both an art and a science.
    • Organising human beings is the art aspect
    • Employing mathematical tools is the science aspect

    Project Management Relationships

    • Client
    • Third parties
    • Project Manager
    • External teams
    • In-house teams

    Management Skills Pyramid

    • Leadership
    • Success
    • Time management
    • Self-management
    • Improve self
    • Develop staff
    • Motivation
    • Training & coaching
    • Involvement
    • Plan
    • Organize
    • Direct
    • Control
    • Get it done

    Emotional Intelligence Skills

    • Active Listening: Understanding not responding, restating points.
    • Appreciation: Validating people, recognition, and appreciation.
    • Emotional Control: Taking steps back in charged situations
    • Self-Awareness: Understanding your actions, asking others for feedback
    • Adaptability: Changing approach when needed
    • Conflict Resolution: Handling difficult situations.
    • Awareness of Others: Paying attention to body language and moods, adapting approaches.
    • Influence: Working to understand others' desires, avoiding dictating or pressuring.
    • Motivation: Taking the initiative, encouraging, avoiding relying solely on outside factors.
    • Empathy: Understanding feelings and seeking clarifying feedback.
    • Feedback: Giving and asking for direct, honest feedback.

    Team Building & Leadership

    • Leadership
    • Training
    • Goal setting
    • Motivation
    • Coaching
    • Communication
    • Cooperation
    • Collaboration

    What is a Team?

    • A team is a group of people associated in work or activity
    • Needed when one person cannot complete a job alone
    • Better cooperation, communication, and coordination lead to better teamwork

    Reasons for Team Building

    • Improved communication
    • Enjoyable workplace
    • Motivating team members
    • Getting to know each other
    • Goal setting
    • Team self-regulation strategies
    • Learning about strengths and weaknesses
    • Identifying and utilizing strengths
    • Improving team productivity
    • Effective collaboration

    Groups/Teams in Construction

    • Architects, engineers, QS's, construction managers, and property developers are types of participants
    • Teams can be formed for individual projects or on a project to project basis
    • Learning from new teams on each project is vital
    • Impact of forming teams should be analyzed

    Is Construction a Team or a Group?

    • Construction can be viewed as both

    The Traditional Approach

    • Design team
    • Architect
    • Project Manager
    • QS
    • Engineer
    • Employer
    • Building contractor
    • Contract information
    • Different participants have their own roles to play during construction

    Why Need Expertise in Teamwork?

    • Success requires teamwork
    • Best people need to be found
    • Help team work extremely well together

    Team Development Model (Tuckman's)

    • Forming
    • Storming
    • Norming
    • Performing
    • Adjourning

    Development of Groups/Teams

    • Forming; excitement, anticipation, anxiety, optimism
    • Storming; reality sets in, frustration, dissatisfaction, adjustment anxiety
    • Norming; shared goals, team cohesion, coping, acceptance
    • Performing; teamwork, cohesiveness, leadership, performance
    • Adjourning; separation anxiety, crisis, dissatisfaction, negativity

    Team Effectiveness (Graph)

    • Forming, Coming Together, lower effectiveness
    • Storming, Experiencing Conflict, rising effectiveness
    • Norming, Understanding Work, further rising effectiveness
    • Performing, Working Effectively, peak effectiveness
    • Adjourning, Disbanding the Team, declining effectiveness

    Barriers to Team Building

    • Lack of credibility
    • Unclear project objectives
    • Changing goals and priorities
    • Lack of team definition/structure
    • Confusion about roles/responsibilities
    • Performance appraisals that fail to recognize teamwork

    Functions of a Leader

    • Achieve tasks
    • Build the team
    • Develop individuals

    What is Leadership?

    • Establish a clear vision
    • Share the vision with others so they follow willingly
    • Provide information/knowledge to fulfill that vision
    • Coordinate/balance conflicting interests

    Managing vs Leading a Project

    • Managing copes with complexity
    • Leading copes with change

    Ideal Project Manager

    • Effective and efficient project manager
    • Effective leader
    • Ability to lead spontaneously
    • Focus on the project

    Traits of Effective Project Leaders

    • Good communication
    • Flexibility in ambiguity
    • Ability to work well with the team
    • Skill in different influence tactics

    Human Relations Skills

    • Establish rapport
    • Treat people fairly
    • Be a cooperative team member
    • Deal effectively with conflict
    • Helping clarify misunderstandings
    • Creating an environment for social interaction

    Leadership Styles

    • Leaders' styles relate to others within and outside the organization.
    • Their view of themselves affects how successful they are
    • Different leadership styles exist

    Motivation

    • The job of a manager is to motivate employees to get things done
    • Is crucial for best performance
    • Understanding motivations is key

    Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

    • Physiological (food, water, rest)
    • Safety (security)
    • Belonging (intimate relationships)
    • Esteem (prestige, accomplishment)
    • Self-actualization (achieving ones potential)

    Construction Managers

    • Control the physical environment (plant, materials, labour, etc.)
    • Manipulate the social environment (motivational factors, communication, pay, conditions, work standards)
    • Lead by example

    Motivation & Performance

    • Performance equals Ability + Motivation
    • Ability is improved by training
    • Motivation is improved by environment
    • Throw in - perception, role play, role clarity
    • Individual needs & desires (Maslow)
    • Good team performance can be tough to measure
    • Realisitc, measurable goals are vital

    Conflict Management

    • Healthy conflict can improve standards if handled properly
    • Outcomes of healthy conflict can be improved standards and communication
    • Reasons for conflict include differences in personality, interests and objectives

    Conflict Resolution Modes

    • Withdrawal (retreating or avoiding disagreement)
    • Smoothing (de-emphasizing differences, highlighting agreements)
    • Compromising (bargaining for satisfaction)
    • Forcing (exercising one's viewpoint)
    • Confrontation (directly facing and resolving)

    Negative Impacts of Conflict

    • Lack of teamwork
    • Escalated competition
    • Frustrated arguments
    • Poor communication
    • Friction
    • Hostility and jealousy
    • Personal defeat
    • Aggression
    • Low morale

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    Description

    This quiz covers essential topics in project management, including team management, leadership theories, motivation, and conflict management. Students will explore the dual nature of project management as both an art and a science, and understand the roles and responsibilities of project managers in construction. Assess your understanding of key concepts and frameworks relevant to effective project execution.

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