Progressive Era: Key Terms and Leaders

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the primary goal of the Progressive Movement?

  • To address and correct the problems caused by industrialization. (correct)
  • To maintain the status quo of government and business.
  • To promote unrestricted industrial growth.
  • To limit immigration to the United States.

What role did muckrakers play during the Progressive Era?

  • They were business leaders who promoted industrial growth.
  • They were social reformers who established settlement houses.
  • They were journalists who exposed corruption and problems in government and business. (correct)
  • They were politicians who enacted progressive legislation.

Which of the following best describes the philosophy of Progressives?

  • Fix the problems in society. (correct)
  • Believe in Laissez-faire economics.
  • Accept society as it is.
  • Exploit any resources available for personal gain.

The Pure Food and Drug Act aimed to:

<p>Ensure that all food and medications are made in clean factories. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Florence Kelley is best known for her work in which area of reform?

<p>Combating child labor and limiting women's work hours. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the settlement houses founded by Jane Addams?

<p>To offer health, education, and services to immigrants and the poor. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is most closely associated with Theodore Roosevelt's legacy as a 'trust-buster'?

<p>Encouraging competition in business by ending monopolies and breaking up bad trusts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did Theodore Roosevelt take to manage and protect the environment?

<p>Passing laws to protect forests and creating national parks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the completion of the Panama Canal benefit international trade?

<p>It created a link between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, thus providing a shorter route for ships to travel and trade. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Panama Canal improve safety for ships?

<p>By eliminating the need to travel around the tip of South America. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery?

<p>13th Amendment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main principle established by the 14th Amendment?

<p>Civil Rights - All people born in the USA cannot be denied rights, everyone born in the USA is a citizen. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What voting rights were granted by the 15th Amendment?

<p>The right for citizens to vote regardless of color. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power did the 16th Amendment grant to Congress?

<p>The power to tax income. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reform was accomplished through the 17th Amendment?

<p>The direct election of U.S. Senators. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the 18th Amendment prohibit?

<p>Making, selling, or transporting Alcohol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which right was secured by the 19th Amendment to the United States Constitution?

<p>The right for women to vote. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal?

<p>To give every citizen equal opportunity to succeed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Upton Sinclair's The Jungle primarily aimed to expose what?

<p>The horrors of the meat-packing industry. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one reason it was safer for ships to travel through the Panama Canal than around South America?

<p>There was less chance of being caught in a hurricane. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Progressive Movement

Addressed issues caused by industrialization during the early 20th century

Muckrakers

Journalists who exposed corruption and social problems.

Progressives

People who sought to improve society through reform.

Pure Food and Drug Act

Ensured food and medications were produced in sanitary conditions.

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Florence Kelley

Fought for child labor laws and limited working hours for women.

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Jane Addams

Established settlement houses to aid immigrants and the poor with health and education services

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President Roosevelt

The 26th U.S. President, known for his progressive policies.

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Upton Sinclair

Wrote 'The Jungle,' exposing unsanitary conditions in the meat packing industry.

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Square Deal

Everyone should have an equal opportunity to succeed.

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Trust-buster

Promoted competition by breaking up monopolies.

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Conserving natural resources

Protecting forests and creating national parks.

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Panama Canal's Impact

Connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, allowing for quicker trade routes.

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13th Amendment

Abolished slavery in the United States in 1865.

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14th Amendment

Guarantees citizenship and equal protection under the law to all people born or naturalized in the U.S.

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15th Amendment

Prohibits denying the right to vote based on race or color.

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16th Amendment

Gave Congress the power to collect income taxes.

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17th Amendment

Provided for the direct election of U.S. Senators by the people.

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18th Amendment

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol (Prohibition).

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19th Amendment

Gave women the right to vote (women's suffrage).

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Study Notes

  • Study your cards for the test, and be able to define the following terms.

Progressive Era Definitions

  • The Progressive Movement corrected problems caused by industrialization.
  • Muckrakers were journalists who exposed problems in government and business.
  • Progressives were people who wanted to fix the problems in society.
  • The Pure Food and Drug Act mandated that all food and medications must be made in clean factories.

Progressive Leaders

  • Florence Kelley fought child labor laws and limited work hours for women.
  • Jane Addams created settlement houses within cities to help immigrants and the poor receive health and education services.
  • President Theodore Roosevelt was the 26th President.
  • Upton Sinclair wrote "The Jungle", which exposed the meat packing industry.

Theodore Roosevelt

  • The Square Deal meant everyone would have an equal opportunity to succeed.
  • As a "trust-buster", he encouraged competition in business by ending monopolies and breaking up bad trusts.
  • He conserved natural resources by passing laws to protect forests and creating national parks.

Panama Canal

  • The Panama Canal created a link between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
  • The Panama Canal provided a shorter route for ships to travel and trade.
  • Using the Panama Canal was safer for ships compared to traveling around the tip of South America.

Constitutional Amendments 13-19

  • 13th Amendment (1865): Abolished slavery; slavery is not allowed in any state or territory under the government of the USA.
  • 14th Amendment (1868): Civil Rights - All people born in the USA cannot be denied rights; everyone born in the USA is a citizen.
  • 15th Amendment (1870): Black Suffrage - Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote based on color, granted African American men the right to vote.
  • 16th Amendment (1913): Granted Congress the power to tax income.
  • 17th Amendment (1913): Provided for the direct election of U.S. Senators.
  • 18th Amendment (1919): Prohibited making, selling, or transporting alcohol.
  • 19th Amendment (1920): Provided women's suffrage (voting rights).

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