Programming Quiz on Loops and Data Types

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Questions and Answers

How many times will the word 'exam' be printed by the given code fragment?

Infinite Loop

11 (correct)

Which of the following correctly matches the input to its data type?

[3.1, 4.2] -> tuple

'hello' -> string (correct)

(2, 3) -> list

[1, 2, 3] -> tuple

What will the recursive function return if lst = [1,2,3]?

4.0

32.0

64.0 (correct)

What is the output of the function call 'whatisthis(3)' based on the definitions provided?

6 (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the for loop, what is the value of x after the first iteration when using 'for x in range(20,9,-1)'?

20 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of data structure is the output of foo2(2) in the foo1 function?

Integer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What value does the variable 'a' hold in the function after the first recursive call with lst = [1,2,3]?

1 (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following will NOT result in an error when run in Python?

print('Hello World') (C) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of the expression `f1(5)`?

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of `whatisthis(2) + foo2(2)`?

Error (D) Signup and view all the answers

What would be a more meaningful name for the function `f1`?

isTrue (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does function `f2` relate to function `f1`?

It creates a circular dependency with f1. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly completes the function `isprime(x)`?

c = 2; return True; (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly completes the return condition in `isprime(x)`?

return True; (A) Signup and view all the answers

What would be the result of calling `foo2(3)` based on the provided functions?

4 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential flaw in the implementation of `isprime(x)`?

It does not handle negative inputs. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What will the function 'counting_clouds' return if provided with an empty list?

0 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which option correctly completes the 'counting_clouds' function to count clouds wider than 5?

return 1 + counting_clouds(clouds[1:]) (C) Signup and view all the answers

In which implementation of the Fibonacci series does the function perform the slowest?

Using naive recursion (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'stopTime' function return when evaluated as stopTime(100)?

An infinite loop (D) Signup and view all the answers

The condition checked in 'stopTime' for stopping is based on which variable?

Time (A) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the outcome if a width smaller than or equal to 5 is passed to 'counting_clouds'?

The function will skip it and continue counting. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of list slicing, what does 'clouds[1:]' represent?

A new list without the first element (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the while loop inside 'stopTime' function?

To increment both time and running until they are equal (B) Signup and view all the answers

What will the function return when called with lst = [1,2,3,4,5] in ForFunction3?

10 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of pass_grade(50) when using the given function?

Error (A) Signup and view all the answers

What will mylst[:4] return based on the provided mylst?

['COMP1126', [0,1,2,3]] (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does mylst[-1] evaluate to?

[1,2,3] (A) Signup and view all the answers

What will mylst[2:-1:2] return given the definition of mylst?

[0,2,4] (C) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of the following expression: mylst?

['COMP1126', [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7], [], [[1,2,3]]] (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of getTime(X,Y), what should be returned if no path is found?

-999 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression number // 4 calculate?

Integer quotient of number divided by 4 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of `getTime('Gym','School')` based on the given map?

4 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which code should replace Code_A to correctly check for the path from X to Y?

path (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Code_B in the `getTime` function?

to check if the paths are not equal (B) Signup and view all the answers

What will happen if Code_C is replaced incorrectly in the `getTime` function?

Returns the entire map (C) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the result of evaluating `whatif(5,6,7)` as defined in the provided function?

Error (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition in the `whatif` function is invalid due to the use of the assignment operator?

all conditions are valid (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options can appropriately serve as a base case in a recursive function?

Return a fixed value (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the desired outcome of completing the recursive function if no base case is provided?

An infinite recursion occurs (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Question 22

The code fragment uses a for loop with a range of 20 to 9, stepping by -1
This means the loop will iterate 11 times (20, 19, 18, ... 10, 9)
The loop prints "exam" in each iteration
Therefore, the word "exam" will be printed 11 times

Question 23

["hello", "again"] is classified as a list data type
(2,3) is classified as a tuple data type
"hello" is classified as a string data type

###‌ Question 24

The function function(lst) is recursive, calling itself with a smaller sublist
The base case is lst == [] (an empty list), which returns 1
When lst is not empty, the function recursively calls itself with lst[1:] (removing the first element)
It then calculates a * function(lst[1:]) * math.sqrt(16)
After three recursive calls, the function returns 1 * 4 * 4 * 4 which equals 64
In this case, the math.sqrt(16) is irrelevant since it's constant

Question 25

foo2(2) returns 1 + 2 = 3, which is used in foo1()
foo1() returns 3
whatisthis(2) returns 3 + 2 = 5
foo2(2) returns 1 + 2 = 3
Therefore, whatisthis(2) + foo2(2) evaluates to 5 + 3 = 8

Question 26

f1(x) calls f2(x-1) unless x is 0, which returns True
f2(x) calls f1(x-1) unless x is 0, which returns False
f1(5) calls f2(4), which calls f1(3), which calls f2(2), which calls f1(1), which calls f2(0)
f2(0) returns False and propagates back through the function calls until f1(5) returns False

Question 27

The purpose of the code is to check if a number x is a prime number (divisible by 1 and itself only)
CODE_A should be x % c (the remainder of x divided by c) to check for divisibility
CODE_B should be False to return False if x is divisible by any number other than 1 and x
CODE_C should be True to return True if x is not divisible by any number within the loop

Question 4

The function should count the number of clouds in the clouds list that have a width greater than 5
The base case is an empty list (clouds == []), which returns 0
When clouds is not empty, it checks if the width of the first cloud is greater than 5
If yes, it should increment a counter and call itself recursively with the rest of the list (clouds[1:])
If no, it directly calls itself recursively with the rest of the list (clouds[1:])

Question 5

The augmenting recursion version took the longest time to run for fibonacci series

Question 6

The function has a recursive call within the while loop
The base case is time == endOftime-1, which returns -1
In the code above, endOftime is set to 999, and time starts at 0
The while loop keeps executing until time reaches 998 (endOftime - 1)
When time reaches 998, the base case is hit, and -1 is returned

Question 7

The function iterates through the list elements with a for loop
The function returns the length of the list after the loop
The if conditional (el == 0) is never satisfied since the list is [1,2,3,4,5]
The loop does nothing, and len(lst) returns 5

Question 8

The function returns w = 50
This is incorrect because the = operator is used for assignment, not comparison
The code will assign w to 50 and then return w, but it won't check if w equals 50.
Therefore, evaluating pass_grade(50) will return 50, not a boolean value

Question 9

The function calculates the number of digits in a number
The count(number, total) function uses recursion to check each digit
The base case is when number is less than 10. In this case, the function returns total directly
Otherwise, it calls count recursively with number // 10 and total + 1, iterating through the digits
The digits(number) function initializes the total to 0 and calls count to begin the digit counting process

Question 10

mylst[:4] returns a slice of the list from the beginning up to, but not including, index 4, which is ["COMP1126",[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7], [], [[1,2,3]]]
mylst returns the entire list ["COMP1126",[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7], [], [[1,2,3]]]
mylst[-1] returns the last element of the list, which is [[1,2,3]]
mylst[2:-1:2] returns a slice of the list starting at index 2 up to, but not including, the second-last element, taking every other element, which is [ [], [[1,2,3]] ]

Question 11

CODE_A should be path[0] (first element of path) which represents the starting location X
CODE_B should be and to check if both starting and ending locations match the X and Y of the path
CODE_C should be path[2] (third element of path) to return the time between the locations

Question 12

The function has a logical error
if (a = c) ... is not a valid comparison in Python, it assigns a to c
Since a is being assigned in the if condition, a will always be equal to c, leading to an infinite loop and the function never returning a value
The or condition also has the same error, which is why the function never returns a value

Question 13

There is no code in the Question to provide a base case
The code uses base cases to prevent infinite recursion in the if statements (e.g. if x == 0 )

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Description

Test your knowledge of Python programming concepts with this quiz focused on loops, data types, and recursion. Determine how various data structures are used and how functions behave under certain conditions. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand these key concepts!