Programming Languages Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which language is solely understood by computers and uses binary code?

  • Machine Language (correct)
  • Procedural Language
  • Non-Procedural Language
  • Assembly Language
  • What characterizes procedural languages in programming?

  • They use binary code exclusively.
  • They require a graphical user interface.
  • They allow hardware interactions through commands.
  • They focus on readability and portability. (correct)
  • Which of the following languages is an example of a non-procedural language?

  • C++
  • SQL (correct)
  • Java
  • FORTRAN
  • What is a defining feature of assembly language?

    <p>It enables direct interaction with hardware.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which programming language generation focuses on what the program can accomplish rather than how to achieve those outcomes?

    <p>Artificial Intelligence Language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Generation of Programming Languages

    • Programming languages are categorized into generations: 1GL (Machine Language), 2GL (Assembly Language), 3GL (Procedural Language), 4GL (Non-Procedural Language), and 5GL (Artificial Intelligence).

    Machine Language (1GL)

    • Binary code is the sole language understood by computers, represented solely in 0s and 1s.
    • Examples of binary code include sequences like 1001010101010 and 0111110101011.

    Assembly Language (2GL)

    • Assembly language allows programmers to communicate directly with a computer's hardware.
    • Instructions in assembly language are closer to machine code but more readable, such as cmp ax, 12.

    Procedural Language (3GL)

    • Procedural languages are commonly used due to their readability and portability across platforms.
    • Notable examples include FORTRAN, Algol, BASIC, Pascal, C, C++, and Java.
    • Typical code snippets highlight functionality, like changing text background and color in C language with textbackground(YELLOW);.

    Non-Procedural Language (4GL)

    • These languages utilize graphical user interfaces (GUI) and allow database access through mouse actions like click-and-drag.
    • Examples include languages such as Standard ML, Lisp, SQL, Oracle, Informix, Progress, and Visual Basic.
    • Code representation often involves event-driven programming, like making a picture box visible in Visual Basic.

    Artificial Intelligence (5GL)

    • Focused on robotics and automation, these languages emphasize the "what" of programming rather than the "how."
    • Examples include Prolog, OPS5, and Mercury, which are used for advanced AI programming tasks.

    Importance of Programming Languages

    • Understanding different programming languages is crucial as it affects how software interacts with hardware, user interfaces, and advanced technologies like AI.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of programming languages, including machine languages, assembly languages, procedural languages, and non-procedural languages. It also touches upon artificial intelligence as it relates to programming paradigms. Test your knowledge of the first and second generation programming languages.

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