Programming Fundamentals

Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of designing a program before writing code?

In the program development cycle, what is the significance of correcting syntax errors?

During the program development cycle, which activity is most crucial for understanding the task that a program is intended to perform?

What is the definition of an algorithm in the context of program design?

What is the primary purpose of pseudocode in the context of program development?

In flowcharts, which symbol represents an input or output operation?

In flowcharts, which symbol represents the start or end of a process?

What is achieved by using the print() function in Python?

How does the print() function handle multiple arguments separated by commas?

What is the main role of comments in Python code?

What character is used to begin a comment in Python?

What is the term for a comment that appears at the end of a line of code?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pseudocode?

A programmer is designing a program to calculate the area of a rectangle. Which of the following is the most appropriate first step in the program development cycle?

Which of the following program development cycle steps involves identifying and fixing issues related to the program's logic and functionality?

When designing an algorithm to calculate the average of three numbers, which of the following steps should come first?

When transforming pseudocode into Python code, what should a programmer primarily focus on?

Which flowchart symbol would a programmer use to represent the calculation of gross_pay = hours_worked * pay_rate?

Complete the following algorithm to calculate the area of a square.

1. START
2. Input side

3. ---

4. Display area
5. END

What is the correct usage of the print() function to display The value is:, followed by the value of a variable result?

In Python, which of the following lines of code correctly includes a comment?

A programmer wants to add a comment to explain a complex calculation in their Python code. Which method is the most effective?

Which of the following identifies the correct sequence of steps in pseudocode for a program that greets a user by name?

During the conversion of the pseudocode for calculating an employee’s bonus (bonus = basic_salary * 0.10) into Python, what is the most important aspect to consider?

During the conversion of the pseudocode for calculating an employee’s salary, which of the following steps is most important?

What is the primary function of a control structure in programming?

In the context of decision structures, what does it mean for an action to be 'conditionally executed'?

For an if statement to execute a block of code, what must be true regarding the condition?

In Python, what is the correct syntax for an if statement?

What happens when an if statement's condition evaluates to False?

What is a Boolean expression?

What does a relational operator determine?

Which relational operator checks if two operands are equal in Python?

What is the purpose of the != operator in Python?

In decision structures, how can a block of code be placed inside another block?

What is necessary for statements in an inner block in Python?

What is the name given to the decision structure that provides two possible paths of execution?

Which keyword is used to specify the block of code to be executed if the condition in an if statement is False?

What is crucial regarding the if and else clauses to create a valid statement?

What must be maintained to ensure code readability and proper execution when using nested decision structures in Python?

When using nested if statements, which rule concerning the else clause should be followed?

Which of the following is true regarding the if-elif-else statement?

What is the purpose of the elif statement in Python?

In an if-elif-else statement, what happens if none of the if or elif conditions are met?

When using an if-elif-else structure, what is a key aspect of the alignment of the clauses?

Which statement best describes the relationship between if-elif-else statements and nested if-else statements?

Write a Python program that checks if a room's temperature is less than 40°F. If the temperature is less than 40, which output should be displayed?

Write a Python program to determine the discount a customer receives based on their total purchase amount. If the purchase amount is less than $50, what should the program do?

Write a Python program that checks whether a student has passed or failed a course based on their exam scores. If the input score is less than 60, what output should be displayed?

Write a Python program that defines a variable temperature and assigns it a numeric value representing the temperature in Celsius. If the temperature is exactly 25, what should the program print?

Write a Python program that takes an integer input from the user and determines whether it is positive, negative, or zero. If the input is zero, what should the program print?

First, check if the number is equal to 10. If true, check if the number is less than 15, and print "Number is smaller than 15". Then, inside the first condition, check if the number is less than 12 and print "Number is smaller than 12 too". If the number is not less than 12, print "Number is greater than or equal to 12". Based on the nested conditions, what will be the result if the first condition is false? The number is equal to 10.

If salary >= MIN_SALARY. Also, if years_on_job >= MIN_YEARS, then print('You qualify for the loan.'). What type of conditional statements is this an example of?

How does the use of an if-elif-else statement typically impact code readability compared to deeply nested if-else statements?

What happens in a sequence structure?

What is a single alternative decision structure?

In flowchart representation of decision structure, which symbol represents a condition?

Which code is the best approach for code readability and maintainability?

Using Boolean expression on decision structures with the (>) relational operator. If sales > 50,000, what will happen if Bonus = 500.0?

What is the primary function of a variable in programming?

How does Python utilize assignment statements?

Examine this code: age = 29. Which element is the assignment operator?

If x = 5 is executed and then x = "Hello" is executed, what is the final data type of the variable x?

A programmer reassigns x from an integer value to a string. What does this illustrate about variable types in Python?

Consider the code:

price = 50
discount = 10
final_price = price - discount
print(final_price)

What will be the output?

Why are there specific rules for naming variables in Python?

Why would a variable name like 1name be considered invalid in Python?

Which of the following variable names is correctly formatted according to Python's naming conventions?

Which naming convention is acceptable to use as a Python variable?

Why is it important to consider case sensitivity when using variables in Python?

What do data types represent in Python?

If every element is an object in Python, how are data types interpreted in terms of classes?

Which data type is most suitable for storing a whole number like the number of students in a class?

A programmer needs to store the price of an item, which includes a decimal portion. Which data type should they use?

What data type would you use to store the name of a city?

Which function in Python is used to determine the data type of a variable?

Given the code: a = 5; print(type(a)), what will be printed to the console?

What is the purpose of the Budget & Expense Tracker exercise described?

In a Budget & Expense Tracker program, which data type is most appropriate for storing the total budget for the month?

In Python, how are lists different from other data structures like integers or strings?

What does it mean for lists to be 'mutable' in Python?

How are lists typically represented or enclosed in Python code?

A programmer wants to create an empty list called items. What Python code should they use?

What method is used to add an element to the end of a Python list?

Items in a list are accessed through their index, what number does the index start counting from?

Given the following list: branch_revenue = [10500, 13200, 8900, 15600, 9800]. How would you access the revenue of the second branch?

According to the Shopping Cart with Discount exercise, what is the formula to calculate the discount amount?

Can a Python list contain the same value multiple times?

What is the primary purpose of using indexing when accessing elements in a list?

If List = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"], how would you access the second element (banana)?

In the Analyse Sales Transactions Using Lists exercise, what is the first step in the outline?

Which operator is used to concatenate strings in Python?

What does it mean to use simultaneous variable assignment in Python?

What can be said about the effect of mixing numbers and strings with operators, and what is the resolution?

What role does indentation play in Python code?