Programmable Devices Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is one characteristic of programmable devices?

  • They require constant manual input to function.
  • They incorporate hardware components like FPGAs and CPLDs. (correct)
  • They are incapable of following instructions.
  • They can only process analog signals.

    • Which statement is true regarding small computers?

  • They function completely without user input.
  • They are not programmable devices.
  • They perform one or a few operations based on instructions. (correct)
  • They can perform a large number of complex operations.

    • Which of the following is a listed example of programmable devices?

  • Xilinx Virtex 6 (correct)
  • Basic calculators without programmable features
  • Traditional modems
  • Standard desktop computers without special hardware

    • What is an example of service enabling devices (SEDs)?

    <p>Routers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does HCI stand for?

    <p>Human to Computer Interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential downside of increased reliance on technology in risk management?

    <p>It can create new risks that may go unnoticed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of natural interfaces?

    <p>Understanding human gestures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following defines accountability?

    <p>The responsibility to disclose activities and their results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes computers from other programmable devices?

    <p>They can execute any programmable code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device is typically NOT considered a programmable device?

    <p>Amateur radios</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do emerging technologies impact security operations?

    <p>They change how security operations are approached and integrated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is NOT mentioned as part of enhanced surveillance capabilities?

    <p>Bio-signatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does advanced forensics rely on?

    <p>Enhanced computing capabilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of technology taking over individual responsibility?

    <p>Decreased personal connection to outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is used for situational awareness in crisis responses?

    <p>GPS technology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following options can serve as a bio-signature?

    <p>Every aspect of an individual's physiology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main benefits of big data clustering software?

    <p>Resource pooling from smaller machines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of Hadoop allows for resistance to hardware failure?

    <p>Reliable data storage with copies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Ingesting' stage in the Big Data Life Cycle with Hadoop involve?

    <p>Transferring data from various sources to Hadoop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the Hadoop ecosystem is primarily responsible for data processing?

    <p>MapReduce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Hadoop achieve flexibility in data storage?

    <p>Storing both structured and unstructured data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is used for visualizing data results in the Hadoop ecosystem?

    <p>Cloudera Search</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Computing and Analyzing' stage primarily involve?

    <p>Running processing frameworks to analyze data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which potential benefit of Hadoop allows for reduced costs in data processing?

    <p>Utilization of ordinary computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key component of the IoT formula according to the 2020 conceptual framework?

    <p>Data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature of IoT enables the creation of small networks between system devices?

    <p>Connectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first to describe the Internet of Things?

    <p>Kevin Ashton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'sensors' feature in IoT achieve?

    <p>They enhance the integration of physical and virtual worlds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which historical development is NOT typically associated with the evolution of the Internet of Things?

    <p>Establishment of the World Wide Web</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does AI play in IoT systems?

    <p>It enables devices to become 'smart'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about IoT is true?

    <p>IoT encompasses both physical objects and their data interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the earliest examples of the Internet of Things?

    <p>A Coca Cola vending machine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Virtual Reality (VR)?

    <p>To create realistic environments that replicate or simulate real life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Augmented Reality (AR)?

    <p>An addition of digital content to the real world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a Mixed Reality (MR) scenario, what is a key characteristic?

    <p>Real and virtual objects can interact in real-time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device is primarily associated with Virtual Reality?

    <p>Reality headset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of experience does Augmented Reality primarily provide?

    <p>Real-time interaction with both digital and physical environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of Mixed Reality?

    <p>Interacting with a virtual character while holding a real object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do most standalone VR headsets operate?

    <p>They are usually combined with smartphones for operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'synthetic content' refer to in Mixed Reality?

    <p>Digital elements that interact seamlessly with real-world objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Programmable Devices

    • Programmable devices include Field Programmable Logic Devices (FPGAs), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLD), and Programmable Logic Devices (PLD).
    • Analog equivalent devices are known as Field Programmable Analog Arrays.
    • Computers are the most prevalent programmable devices, executing instructions to produce results.
    • Small computers, like calculators and smartphones, are designed for limited operations but follow specific instructions.

    Examples of Programmable Devices

    • Achronix Speedster SPD60
    • Actel’s devices
    • Altera Stratix IV GT and Arria II GX
    • Atmel’s AT91CAP7L
    • Cypress Semiconductor’s PSoC family
    • Lattice Semiconductor’s ECP3
    • Lime Microsystems’ LMS6002
    • Silicon Blue Technologies
    • Xilinx Virtex 6 and Spartan 6
    • Xmos Semiconductor L series
    • Service Enabling Devices (SEDs) include traditional CSU/DSU, modems, routers, switches, conferencing equipment, NIDs, SIDs, hosting equipment, and servers.

    Human-Machine Interaction (HCI)

    • HCI involves communication between humans and machines through user interfaces.
    • Natural interfaces enable devices to understand human gestures.
    • Clustering software like Hadoop's YARN pools resources and enhances high availability and scalability.

    Hadoop and Its Ecosystem

    • Hadoop is an open-source framework for processing large datasets across computer clusters.
    • It provides data storage, computational power, and the ability to handle diverse tasks.
    • Key characteristics of Hadoop: Economical, Reliable, Scalable, and Flexible.
    • The Hadoop ecosystem evolves around data management, access, processing, and storage.

    Big Data Life Cycle with Hadoop

    • Ingesting: Data transferred from various sources into Hadoop systems.
    • Processing: Stored in HDFS and processed via Spark or MapReduce.
    • Computing and Analyzing: Data analyzed using frameworks like Pig, Hive, and Impala.
    • Visualizing: Results accessed using tools like Hue and Cloudera Search.

    Internet of Things (IoT)

    • IoT consists of physical objects embedded with electronics, software, and sensors enabling data exchange.
    • Features of IoT include AI for smart devices, connectivity for small networks, and sensor implementation for active systems.
    • IoT components can be summarized as Services + Data + Networks + Sensors.

    Historical Context of IoT

    • Historical milestones include the Telegraph (1830s) and the first Internet developments (1962).
    • Early examples of IoT can be traced back to a Coca-Cola vending machine at Carnegie Melon University in the 1980s.
    • Kevin Ashton popularized the concept of IoT in a speech in 1999.

    Virtual Reality (VR)

    • VR uses headsets to create immersive environments that engage multiple senses.
    • Most VR headsets connect to computers/consoles, while standalone devices can operate with smartphones.

    Augmented Reality (AR)

    • AR enhances real-world environments with computer-generated sensory input.
    • Applications include Snapchat lenses and games like Pokémon Go.

    Mixed Reality (MR)

    • MR combines real and virtual worlds for interactive experiences where physical and digital objects coexist.
    • MR applications can involve real-world interactions with virtual gameplay elements.

    Accountability and Trust

    • Technology can reduce personal connection and responsibility in consumer interactions.
    • Organizations have an obligation to transparently account for activities and results.

    Ethical and Regulatory Challenges

    • Emerging technologies affect security operations, including counter-terrorism and law enforcement with AI tools.
    • Real-time data mining, automated cybersecurity, enhanced surveillance, and advanced forensics are key areas of focus.
    • Safety equipment and situational awareness capabilities also rely on technological advancements.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of programmable devices, including Field Programmable Logic Devices (FPGAs), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLD), and various computing equipment. You'll also explore examples of these devices and their functions in network-related equipment. Test your knowledge on the characteristics and applications of these essential technologies.

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