Progestins and Their Effects

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What is the reason why perfect-use and typical-use efficacy rates do not differ for LARC?

Because LARC is only used in emergency contraception

Because LARC is a hormonal method of contraception

Because LARC does not require effort or adherence by the patient once inserted (correct)

Because LARC requires effort from the patient

What is the minimum efficacy rate for IUDs with both perfect and typical use?

Greater than 99% (correct)

100%

98%

95%

What is NOT a contraindication for IUD insertion?

History of pelvic inflammatory disease

Current STI/STD

Current pregnancy

Age above 40 (correct)

What is the primary mechanism of action of copper IUDs?

Inhibition of sperm migration Signup and view all the answers

What should a clinician do before inserting or removing an IUD?

Receive training from the manufacturer Signup and view all the answers

What is the major adverse effect associated with IUDs?

Irregular menstrual bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which progestins inhibit ovulation?

Blocking the LH surge Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does not influence androgenic activity of progestins?

Pregestational activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of decreased SHBG-TBG levels on androgenic side effects?

Increased androgenic side effects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups of women may benefit from injectable progestins?

Those who are breastfeeding Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of progestins on the endometrium if ovulation occurs?

Thin the endometrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which progestins reduce the chance of implantation?

Thinning the endometrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason behind the high efficacy of Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) in preventing pregnancy?

It suppresses ovulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended duration between DMPA injections to ensure continuous contraception?

3 months (12 weeks) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of DMPA, particularly in the first year of use?

Menstrual irregularities Signup and view all the answers

What is the category of contraceptives that includes IUDs and implants?

Long-acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential concern for younger women using DMPA?

Short-term bone loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for administering DMPA injections?

Within 5 days of onset of menstrual bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor in determining the initial choice of an oral contraceptive?

Hormonal content and dose Signup and view all the answers

How long should a woman continue to take her oral contraceptive before considering a change due to side effects?

2 to 3 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why many women discontinue oral contraceptives?

Side effects Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reevaluation within 3 to 6 months of starting an oral contraceptive?

To identify and manage adverse effects Signup and view all the answers

What should a woman do if she experiences severe leg pain while taking an oral contraceptive?

Consult with her provider and consider discontinuing the medication Signup and view all the answers

What is the acronym ACHES an abbreviation for?

Abdominal pain, Chest pain, Headaches, Eye problems, and Severe leg pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which rifampin decreases the efficacy of oral contraceptives?

Inhibition of enterohepatic recirculation Signup and view all the answers

What should a woman do if she is taking a medication that may interact with her oral contraceptive?

Use a nonhormonal method of contraception as a backup Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended course of action for a woman taking an interacting medication for more than 2 months?

Switch to a depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) or an intrauterine device Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of rifampin on the enterohepatic recirculation of oral contraceptives?

It inhibits the enterohepatic recirculation Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to counsel women on the possibility of decreased efficacy of oral contraceptives when taking rifampin?

Because rifampin can interact with the oral contraceptive Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for drug interactions that limit the effectiveness of oral contraceptives?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers