Professional Ethics and Conduct
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Which of the following best describes the primary focus of professional ethics within a profession?

  • Adherence to local and federal laws.
  • Maximizing profitability and efficiency.
  • Upholding societal values and standards of conduct. (correct)
  • Following personal beliefs and values.

Which statement accurately differentiates ethics from laws?

  • Ethics are based on natural reason, while laws define societal behavior. (correct)
  • Ethics are enforced by governmental bodies, while laws are based on individual morals.
  • Laws encompass all aspects of behavior, while ethics are limited to professional conduct.
  • Laws are flexible and change with individual beliefs, while ethics are rigid and unchangeable.

What is the role of professional standards of conduct and scope of practice?

  • To define the boundaries of acceptable professional behavior. (correct)
  • To establish guidelines for personal ethics.
  • To define societal behavior through laws and regulations.
  • To determine individual concepts of right and wrong.

In what capacity does society depend on professions?

<p>To self-regulate and maintain high standards of conduct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an imaging professional faces an ethical problem with their employer, what would be the first step, according to the material?

<p>Following the procedures that have been previously established. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are laws insufficient for governing all possible behaviors in society?

<p>Laws are limiting and cannot control all possible behaviors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies a conflict between ethics and law?

<p>A physician orders a medically unnecessary exam that could expose a patient to excessive radiation, which is legal but ethically questionable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary basis for individual ethics?

<p>Individual concepts of right and wrong that are relatively stable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do professions demonstrate their commitment to ethical conduct?

<p>By developing professional standards of conduct and scope of practice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might an imaging professional's personal ethics influence their professional conduct?

<p>Personal ethics can shape decisions in situations not clearly addressed by professional standards or laws. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately differentiates between laws and morals?

<p>Laws are enforced by an authority, while morals represent generally accepted customs of right living and conduct. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two distinct documents that define acceptable and unacceptable behavior within a profession?

<p>Standards of Conduct and Scope of Practice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the primary responsibility of a professional regarding ethical and professional standards?

<p>To be responsible for knowing the ethical and professional standards of a chosen career (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two parts of the ARRT Code of Ethics?

<p>Aspirational behaviors and mandatory conduct rules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do ethical codes generally evolve in response to societal changes?

<p>They are typically static and slow to change in order to reflect changing societal trends and values. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the 'Rules of Ethics' in the context of professional conduct for Registered Technologists?

<p>To promote protection, safety, and comfort for all patients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action is a Registered Technologist required to take regarding ethics violations or legal issues?

<p>Notify the ARRT of any ethics violation as well as state licensing issues and criminal charges and convictions within 30 days of occurrence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A technologist witnesses a colleague falsifying patient records to meet departmental quotas. According to the ARRT Code of Ethics, what is the most appropriate course of action?

<p>Report the incident to the ARRT within 30 days. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A newly implemented hospital policy conflicts with established ethical guidelines for patient confidentiality. How should a radiologic technologist navigate this situation?

<p>Seek guidance from the ARRT and adhere to the established ethical guidelines, even if it means challenging the hospital policy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A radiologic technologist discovers that they made a significant error in a patient's imaging procedure that could potentially harm the patient. What should be the technologist's first action, according to professional standards?

<p>Immediately report the error to the supervising physician or appropriate authority. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A radiographer discovers a colleague falsifying patient records to expedite procedures. Which ethical principle dictates the radiographer's obligation to report this misconduct?

<p>Duty to Report (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient refuses a necessary radiographic examination despite the technologist's explanation of its importance. Which ethical principle is the technologist upholding by respecting the patient's decision?

<p>Autonomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A technologist is asked to perform a procedure they are not adequately trained for. Following the principle of 'Non-maleficence', what is the most appropriate course of action?

<p>Decline to perform the procedure and inform the supervisor of the lack of training. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios represents a violation of the ethical principle of 'Veracity'?

<p>Assuring a child that an examination will not hurt at all, despite knowing it may cause slight discomfort. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action would be considered a breach of 'Fidelity' in the context of patient care?

<p>Promising a child a reward for cooperating during a scan, but then forgetting to provide it. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A radiology department implements a new policy where patients with private insurance are scheduled for examinations sooner than those with public insurance, regardless of medical necessity. This policy primarily violates which ethical principle?

<p>Justice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of 'Beneficence' in the context of radiologic technology?

<p>To always act in the best interest of the patient. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best describes an 'Ethical Dilemma'?

<p>A situation without a clear-cut right or wrong answer, involving conflicting values. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When faced with an ethical dilemma, what is the initial step a radiologic technologist should take according to the ethical analysis model?

<p>Identifying the specific ethical problem. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A radiographer notices that a colleague routinely increases exposure factors beyond what is necessary for image quality to reduce patient throughput time. Besides 'Non-maleficence', which other ethical consideration is most directly violated by this practice?

<p>Beneficence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following demonstrates a radiologic technologist's ethical responsibility towards patients?

<p>Maintaining patient confidentiality and providing unbiased care. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a radiologic technologist navigate a situation where they disagree with a physician's order?

<p>Respectfully discuss concerns with the physician, referencing professional standards and patient safety. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for studying ethics in the field of radiologic technology?

<p>To better understand daily professional challenges and one's role in upholding duty. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario is it ethically permissible for a radiologic technologist to disclose confidential patient information?

<p>When subpoenaed by a court of law. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A radiologic technologist discovers that a colleague is falsifying patient records. What is the most ethical course of action?

<p>Report the colleague to the appropriate authority, such as a supervisor or ethics committee. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient requests a copy of their radiographs, but the institution's policy requires a formal request through the medical records department. How should the technologist respond?

<p>Explain the institution's policy and guide the patient through the proper procedure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of understanding professional standards of conduct and ethical principles?

<p>They serve as a guide when facing uncertain or conflicting situations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action best demonstrates a radiologic technologist's commitment to ethical practice with other health professionals?

<p>Respecting the expertise and responsibilities of all team members. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate initial step for a radiologic technologist to take when faced with an ethical dilemma?

<p>Thoroughly analyzing the situation and gathering relevant information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a radiographer's understanding of ethics influence their professional practice?

<p>It helps to navigate complex situations ensuring patient well-being and professional integrity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ethics

A system or code of conduct and morals, study of acceptable conduct and moral judgment.

Professional Ethic

Criteria differentiating a profession, composed of behaviors society values.

Ethics in Practice

Deals with the "rightness and wrongness" of an act compared with natural reason.

Societal Behavior

Laws, rules, regulations and ordinances defining how society should behave.

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Professional Behavior

Defined by professional Standards of Conduct and Scope of Practice.

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Self-Regulation

Society expects professions to monitor and control their own behavior.

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Limitations of Laws

Laws can be restrictive and incomplete in controlling all possible behaviors.

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Individual Ethics

Based on individual concepts of right and wrong; can change over time.

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Morals

The study of values, or principles used to interpret conduct

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Laws

The formal rules of a society that bear the force of government

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Law Requirements

Enforcement and authority are needed for laws.

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Professional Expectations

A profession defines acceptable behavior through standards of conduct and scope of practice.

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Professional Behavior Documents

Documents defining acceptable and unacceptable professional behavior.

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Two distinct professional documents

Standards of Conduct and Scope of Practice.

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Standards of Conduct Role

Establishes the norms for professional behavior.

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ARRT Code of Ethics

ARRT's code has aspirational behaviors (Part A) and mandatory rules (Part B).

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Code of Ethics Importance

Professionals must know the Code of Ethics, which establishes conduct 'norms'.

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Rules of Ethics

Mandatory standards of professional conduct for Registered Technologists, enforceable by ARRT.

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Reporting Requirements

Registered Technologists must report ethics violations, licensing issues, and criminal charges to ARRT within 30 days.

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Fraud or Deceptive Practices

Dishonest or misleading actions.

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Subversion

Undermining authority or rules.

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Unprofessional Conduct

Behavior that violates professional standards.

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Scope of Practice

Performing duties outside your qualified expertise.

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Fitness to Practice

Having the necessary skills and abilities.

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Ethical Dilemma

Situations where the right course of action is unclear.

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Beneficence

The principle of doing good for patients.

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Non-maleficence

The principle of doing no harm.

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Justice

Fair and equal treatment for every patient.

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Autonomy

Respecting a patient's right to make their own decisions.

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Professional Relationships

Interactions with patients, physicians, and other health professionals, guided by ethical principles and standards.

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Ethical Compass

A guide encompassing professional standards and ethical principles.

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Studying Ethics

To gain a better understanding of daily professional challenges and one's duty.

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Ethics Components

Societal laws, values, professional standards, thorough analysis and a keen sense of human values.

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Professional Ethics Defined

Specific to an occupation and defined by its members.

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Human Values

Critical for resolving ethical dilemmas in professional practice with patients, physicians, and other health professionals.

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Ethical Clarity

Understanding the difference between right and wrong.

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Ethical Research

Review professional standards and ethical guidelines when unsure of the right course of action.

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Ethical Choice

Choosing to take the morally correct action, even when difficult.

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Study Notes

Professional Ethics

  • Ethics is a system or code of conduct and morals advocated by an individual or group.
  • Ethics is the study of acceptable conduct and moral judgment.
  • Individual ethics are based on concepts of right and wrong, and can change over time.
  • Professional ethics are accepted criteria differentiating a profession from other occupations.
  • Professional ethics includes efforts and behaviors society considers valuable.
  • Ethics concerns the rightness and wrongness of behavior based on natural reason.
  • Societal behavior is defined by laws, rules, regulations, and ordinances.
  • Professional behavior is defined by professional Standards of Conduct and Scope of Practice.
  • Society expects professions to self-regulate.

Societal Behavior

  • Societal behavior is governed by laws and morals.
  • Laws are limited and may need enforcement, and can be politically motivated.
  • Morals are accepted customs of right living and conduct.

Professional Behavior

  • Society expects professions to generate their own statements of acceptable behavior.
  • Professional behavior is defined by Standards of Conduct and Scope of Practice.
  • Norms for professional conduct are established through these documents.
  • Individuals are responsible for knowing the ethical and professional standards of their chosen career.

ARRT Code of Ethics

  • The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) has a Code of Ethics.
  • The ARRT Code of Ethics has 2 parts.
  • Part A outlines behaviors a professional should aspire to achieve.
  • Part B outlines mandatory rules of acceptable professional conduct.
  • Medical imaging professionals must know the Code of Ethics.
  • The ARRT Code of Ethics establishes professional norms of conduct.
  • Ethical codes are generally static, changing slowly to reflect societal trends and values.

Rules of Ethics

  • The Rules of Ethics is the second part of the Standards of Ethics.
  • The code is a mandatory standard for all Registered Technologists and candidates.
  • The code promotes protection, safety, and comfort for all patients.
  • The rules are enforceable.
  • Registered Technologists must notify the ARRT of ethics violations, state licensing issues, and criminal charges/convictions within 30 days.
  • There are 8 major points:
    • Fraud or Deceptive Practices
    • Subversion
    • Unprofessional Conduct
    • Scope of Practice
    • Fitness to Practice
    • Improper Management of Patients Records
    • Violation of State or Federal Law or Regulatory Rule
    • Duty to Report

Ethical Dilemma

  • All professional decisions in radiologic and imaging sciences involve human values.
  • Unethical behavior that is clearly wrong is an ethical outrage.
  • Ethical dilemmas occur when the correct choice is unclear and personal values conflict.
  • Ethical dilemmas require ethical analysis.

Ethical Analysis

  • Ethical analysis consists of:
    • Identification of the problem
    • Developing alternative solutions
    • Selecting the best solution
    • Defending the selection

Basic Ethical Principles

  • Basic ethical priciples:
    • Beneficence: Primary factor os to do good to patients, and act in their best interest.
    • Nonmaleficence: To do no harm.
    • Justice: Providing fair and equal treatment without regard to race, color, creed, or income.
    • Autonomy: Respecting freedom of choice and the right to refuse treatment.
    • Veracity: Being truthful; not lying to the patient.
    • Fidelity: Being careful of acts that do not observe covenants or promises.

Professional Relationships

  • Professionals have relationships toward patients, physicians and other health professionals.

Avoiding Ethical Conflict

  • Ethical conflicts are sometimes unavoidable.
  • Clearly understand the right and wrong things to do.
  • Professional standards and ethical principles can be guides.

Importance of Studying Ethics

  • Ethical questions impact most activities of a radiologic technologist throughout their career.
  • Studying ethics helps to understand the daily problems of the profession.
  • Studying ethics promotes self-understanding in relation to duty.

Conclusion

  • Ethics is a mix of societal laws and values.
  • Professional ethics are specific to an occupation and defined by its members.
  • Ethical dilemmas occur naturally and require analysis.
  • Radiologic science professionals must know the role of human values in ethical dilemmas, and their interactions with patients, physicians, and other professionals.

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Explore the primary focus of professional ethics and how it differs from laws and morals. Understand the role of professional standards and how individual ethics influence professional conduct. Learn how to address ethical problems in the workplace.

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