UCC 2018

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Questions and Answers

In kidney fraction conversion of ATP to ADP occurs where?

  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondria (yo puse esta pero check) (correct)
  • otra mas que no me acuerdo
  • Nucleolus
  • RER

Epiglottis changes epithelium from damage, it changes from columnar to what?

Stratified squamous epithelium

What do type II pneumocytes produce that reduces the surface tension of the alveoli?

Phospholipids

What do cells in the epidermis transfer to other cells?

<p>Melanosoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

Growth factor in a tumor induces angiogenesis. Which is the first growth factor in the receptor cells?

<p>Phosphorylation..tyrosine.. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

45 year old homeless man, tenia dolor en el pie...After 1 day, which is the leukocyte present?

<p>Neutrophils (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Donde se encuentra el secondary osscification center?

<p>Epiphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Un vignette donde describen una paciente que le duele muchas partes del cuerpo...Que proteina se va a marcar?

<p>Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

#9 Experimento que se inyecto subcutaneamente un agente que causaba blisters. que estructura esta afectada?

<p>desmosome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

#10 58 y/o male con cancer de colon...porque el mitotic splindle esta inhibido, Que proteina del citoesqueleto esta afectada?

<p>Tubulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

The question gave an example of a man with various symptoms and then asked what type of cell will attack a virally infected hepatocyte.

<p>T lymphocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

....cytokeratins bind preferentially to. Three of the five items were: intermediate filaments, actin, nucleosomes and ribosomes. You have to choose the best combination of the five items

<p>Intermediate filaments, actin, nucleosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cual de las siguientes celulas adultas se crea de stem cells despues de un cell injury?

<p>optic bipolar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Usan una anestesia la cual crea contraccion muscular en pacientes geneticamente predispuestos, que receptor afecta esta anestecia?

<p>Ryanodine Receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

Proteinas q son "tagged" con ubiquitine son destinadas para = ?

<p>Proteasome</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oncogene con tyrosine kinase receptor interactuan con q gen?

<p>sis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A genetic defect that renders kinesin incapable of binding of microtubules is most likely to impair what?

<p>Fast axonal transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not from ectodermal origin?

<p>Langerhan cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A core of F-Actin filaments makes the skeletal framework of:

<p>Microvilli</p> Signup and view all the answers

Know the role of HPV- derived proteins (HPV = Human papilloma virus)

<p>Promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cells in the duodenum produce enzymes that destroys the protoglycan of bacteria?

<p>paneth cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the luminal surface of the intestine which type of junction prevents the past of ions through from one cell to the other?

<p>thigh junctions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using a radiolabeled compund nucleolus in wich structures you will find it labeled:

<p>rRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

A old lady has osteopenia and fells and has a fracture, wich structure or gland will be stimulated more:

<p>Parathyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

A tumor was stained with a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against various classes of intermediate filaments. The tumor stained positively with antiglial fibrillary acidic protein, indicating its derivation from:

<p>astrocytes (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell protects developing gametes from immunological attack?

<p>Sertoli cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a Marfan patient...what protein is defective?

<p>Fibrillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wild type gene GCU GCU GCU GCU GCU GCU GCU One insertion and one deletion gives:

<p>One mutation AND one deletion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cual de todas las opciones es un proceso normal de "skeletal muscle aging"??

<p>Disminucion del ratio &quot;fast switch&quot; to &quot;slow switch&quot; mucle fibers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Un vignet sobre una senora que tuvo un accidente automovilistico y se rompio la tibia. A que proceso celular se debe esto?

<p>Hiperplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Donde se encuentran las celulas secretoras de renin (JG cells).

<p>Kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

Que hormona fue aministrada al paciente. Ensenan secuencia de 3 fotos con mitocondria y puntos negros alrededor.

<p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does mitochondria move through the axon and reach the presynaptic terminal?

<p>through microtubules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why the thymocites dont produce necrosis when the die?

<p>they activate some endonucleases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

  1. 25 year old female with vaginal discharge for 1 week. What was wrong?

<p>filaggrin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these cells is usually found in terminal bronchioles?

<p>clara (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The scanning electron micrograph shows a broken surface of mammalian liver. The arrow at X points to what?

<p>bile canaliculus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Niño con 28 semanas de nacido q tiene problemas de respiracion. Le injectan “bovine surfactant...where does this actua?

<p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

Treatment for cholera consists of administration of oligossacharides and sodium. What is the location of glucose and sodium cotransporters in intestinal epithelial cells? a. Apical plasma membrane _______

<p>SGLT1</p> Signup and view all the answers

Malignant cells move through the extracellular matrix.............An alteration in which protein of the extracellular matrix would affect malignant cell movement in matrix?

<p>Integrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Una biopsia de Jejuno del intestino fue tomada, Where would you expect to find the labeling agent?

<p>Base of crypt</p> Signup and view all the answers

Si aumenta glucosa en sangre, las celulas beta del pancreas segregaran insulina. Where would you expect this to take place?

<p>Golgi Apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

The dense bodies of smooth muscle are functionaly similar to wich component of striated muscle.?

<p>Z lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

After swimming in cool water, a fair-skinned woman's skin becomes pale and cold because the blood is diverted away from the capillary bed in the superficial layers of the dermis. The structures responsible for this diversion are:

<p>arteriovenous shunts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Upon intraepidermal injury, which are the first cells to present antigen to lymphocytes?

<p>Langerhans' cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When calcium is acting as a secondary messenger, which of the following best describes the movement of calcium?

<p>From ER to cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

Terminal glycosylation of neurotransmitter receptor protein most likely occurs in which of the following organelles?

<p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do skeletal motor end neurons differ from those of neuron-neuron interaction?

<p>Postsynaptic Membrane Receptror (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

82 year old woman dies in her sleep. There is no sign of death due to heart problems but after checking, many lipofuscin bodies are found. What is this accumulation due to?

<p>Aging</p> Signup and view all the answers

Proteins that code for Homeobox genes primarily due what?

<p>Transcription factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

A boy had bilateral hydronephritis bc of posterior urethral valves. What is the first renal organ affected by the posterior urethral valve?

<p>Afferent arteriole (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify which cell makes the surfactanct?

<p>Type 2 pneumocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

The connexons are a part of what?

<p>Desmosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Que celulas eran responsables por los niveles de TSH bajos

<p>pituitary basophilic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hombre 35 y/o comenzó rutina de ejercicios en bicicleta y su consumo de oxigeno aumentó. Cuál puede ser la razón?

<p>aumentó número de mitocondrias (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Se realiza un experimento y se utliza una sustancia que afecta el movimiento de las células. Que se afectó?

<p>Actin</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient has Familial Hypercholesterinemia. Where is the mutation in the LDL receptor?

<p>inability to internalize LDL receptor containing to LDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient breaks her arm and is placed in a cast for several weeks. The atrophy is caused by a decrease in:

<p>myofibrils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ask about the last layer of skin that contain a nucleus? Aswer

<p>cells of stratum granulosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

In late Profase II what structure damage that cause no separation of chromosomes at the centromere highly specialized protein complex called

<p>Kinetochore</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which point in the graph represents spermatid formation - cells undergoing metaphase 2?

<p>1n</p> Signup and view all the answers

Proteoamines instead of histones makes dna get compacted even more. Which of the following cells,

<p>Spermatids</p> Signup and view all the answers

Women with infertility. how can they tell if she is ready for in vitro fertilization?

<p>thickness of the corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Partner shot in the thigh will be used to regenerate the damage muscle cells? A:

<p>satellite cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

La proteina responsable por el Beating o weeping de las Cilia is mediated by which of the following

<p>Deynin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diagrama circular de un mitocondrio y te preguntaba adnd ocurria y la oxidacion del nadh

<p>inner mitocndrial membrambre</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the cells in the diagram is in charge of producing a substance that decreases the friction in the

<p>Pneumocytes type II</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a stain with anti actin antibodies is used which part of the blood vessel will be marked?

<p>Basal lamina</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cells of which of the following hypothalamic nuclei secrete oxitocin into the circulation?

<p>Supraoptic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types are formed exclusivley in the basal compatrment of the seminiferous tubules?

<p>Spermatogonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides cytoskeleton, we can find tubulin in cilia, mitotic spidle, meiotic spindle and: a.

<p>Basal bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

Una foto de un epitelio del corazon y preguntan que secreta...

<p>Atrial natriuretic peptide</p> Signup and view all the answers

Preguntan donde ocurre la sintesis de DNA..........la

<p>Interphase before meiosis I in the cell cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 10 year old boy was brought to emergency room with asthma and severe wheezing for about 2 hours. In which of the following structure will Hydrocortisone will activate a cascade reaction when binding to its receptor

<p>Nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In children who exhibit abnormally rapid growth, administration of somatostatin will depress secretion of which of the following cell types in the pituitary gland?

<p>Acidophils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 10 year old boy was brought to emergency room with asthma and severe wheezing for about 2 hours. Hydrocortisone was administered intravenously. This drug will activate a cascade reaction when binding to its receptor in which of the following structure:

<p>Nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a person is injected with a solution containing a 500 dalton polypeptide where would it be found?

<p>Liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A woman is in her 22-26 days of menstrual cycle. What are the characteristics of her endometrium?

<p>coiled gland and edematous stroma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Era un vingette de una mujer de 33 y/o que padecia de hypertension... NO (nitric oxide) hace vasodilatacion... que es lo que aumentaba?

<p>Guanydil cyclase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identifique donde actua la hormona que es sintetizada por el hipotalamo y que es secretada por la pars nervosa.

<p>ADH (antidiuretic hormone) works in the collecting tubes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Habla de cytochrome c y la pregunta es this enzyme cascade occur in which compartment of the cell?

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Que distingue a las Leydig cells?

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Axons are characterized by absence of which of the following organelles?

<p>Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum _____ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The structure indicated by an arrow on the diagram of a histologic section of skin is specialized to transduce which of the following stimuli into action potentials?

<p>Light Touch ******** (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Si le inyectas Ca++ a un myoneural junction que es lo primero que ocurre?

<p>Ca++ binds to Troponin C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cual de las siguientes proteinas es activada por un B-adrenergic receptor?

<p>Caveolinas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify in a rod cell diagram where does photoionization of rhodopsin occurs.

<p>Pigment containg disc (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A lady has oversecretion of PTH. What does the kidney secrete in order to balance or something like that.

<p>Vitamin D (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 24 yr. old male, involved in car accident, presents to the ER with trauma. He loses a part of his liver. Which cells are responsible for the regeneration? ______*

<p>regeneration from GO Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of the arterial system is responsible for the diastole effects?

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The function of fibronectin is

<p>Linkage of proteins and cells ? (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Proteins translocated from ribosomes to lipid bilayer takes place where?

<p>Rough ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

Era un experimento en el que un factor de wound healing. tambien hablaba algo de proteaosome y preguntaba cual de estos en el experimento se inhibia?

<p>platelet derived growth factor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ya cuando esta a punto de la secrecion una glycoproteina se encuentra en?

<p>trans golgi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is the first to recognize and react to a transplant?

<p>T lymphocyte (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Image of an absorptive intestinal cell. After a lipid rich meal, where does synthesis of the chylomicron occur? Be able to identify it on a diagram.

<p>rER (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Una mujer pierde una sensacion en los dedos. Entre las opciones salen distintos tipos de celulas que se encuentran en la piel

<p>Cells of Merckel</p> Signup and view all the answers

La pregunta habla sobre los neutrofilos y como estos migran al tejido y su receptor que un investigador quiere identificar

<p>Focal Contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a sample of smooth muscle cell, indentify which structure is involved in oxidative phosphorylation.

<p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

12 y/o girl who has chronic asthma has been coughing up large amounts of mucus, which respiratory structure is responsible for the mucus production?

<p>tertiary bronchioles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do lymphocytes enter the lymphatic circulation from blood?

<p>High endothelium of post venule plexus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

29 month old boy with Cistic Fibrosis had skin culture done and they found fibroblasts with defective CFTR protein with ubiquitin. Where does this protein get degraded?

<p>Endosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fenestrated Capillaries are foun in which of the following sites:

<p>Thyroid Gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ubi ocurre le conversion de ATP a ADP?

Sitio u ATP se converte a ADP in fractiones renal.

Epiglottis cambia que?

Cambia ab epithelio columnar a altere post damno.

Quo produce pneumocytos typo II?

Pneumocytos typo II los produce pro reducer tension superficial alveolar.

Que transfer cellulas in epidermis?

Cellulas epidermal que transfer melanosomas.

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Leucocyte presente post un die?

Activation de neutrophilos in un die.

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Ubi es le centro de ossification secondari?

Situate in le epiphysis del osso.

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Proteina in membrana post-synaptic?

Proteina que se liga al receptor nicotinic de acetylcholina in le junction neuromuscular.

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Que es keratinocytos?

Cellulas que se tornan ronde e separate post injicimento subcutanee.

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Quo es le function del pneumocytos II?

Produce phospholipidos pro reducer tension superficial in alveolos.

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Qua receptor causa contraction muscular?

Ryonadine recipe contraction muscular improviste.

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Quo son proteinas taggate con ubiquitina?

Destinate al proteasoma pro degradation.

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Que affecta defectos genetic?

Affice absorption per microvillos.

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Langerhans'cellulas

Non de origine ectodermal.

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Le filamento de F-Actina

Forma le skeleto del microvillos.

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Qua cellula produce enzymes antimicrobical?

Cellulas que secreta enzymas anti bacterial in le duodeno

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Que son le gap junctions?

Le connexones forma iste structura.

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Quo es le radio compunde?

Rna se trova in le nucleolus.

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Structura stimulate in osteopenia?

Le glandula parathyroid.

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Cellula defensante contra attacco immunologic?

Le cellula de sertoli protege gametes.

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Que da le insertion e deletion?

Gene con mutationes e deletion.

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Ubi es cellulas de Renin?

Cellulas JG locante in Reno.

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Que hormona ha mitocondrios?

Le hormona glucagona

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Como son microchondrias tracta?

Mitochonria va transversa microtubulos.

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Qua cellula es plus basal?

Cellulas de clara son basal.

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Quo es apicalmente presente?

Cholera function apicalemembranea.

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Qua structure ha phosphorylation?

Mitochonrias ha cellulas musculos lise.

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Quo es le proteina?

Le ligamina pote cellulas.

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Quales cellulas regeneration livere?

G0 cellulas son regeneration hiepate.

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Quel le cellulares reconoscite?

T Lymphocytes reconoscite.

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Hydrocortisone

A glucocorticoid hormone; its receptors are mainly in the nucleus and can penetrate plasma and nuclear membranes.

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Acidophils

Pituitary gland cells that secrete growth hormone and are suppressed by somatostatin.

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ADH Function

ADH regulates water reabsorption in the collecting tubules of the kidney.

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Renin

Produced by the collecting tubules which acts a balance the oversecretion of PTH.

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Proteasome

The location where proteins with ubiquitin tags are transported for breakdown.

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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (sER)

The location in the intestinal cell where resynthesis of triglycerides occurs after lipid absorption.

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Merkel Cells

Specialized cells in the skin that transduce stimuli to action potentials.

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Protein Degradation

Defective CFTR protein with ubiquitin is degraded in the Endosomes.

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Study Notes

  • Hydrocortison attiva un reaction a cascada quando se liga al receptor in le nucleo.

Somatostatin Secretion

  • Somatostatin deprime le secretion de acidophilos in le glandula pituitari in infantes que exhibi crescemento anormalmente rapide.

Dalton Polypeptide Location

  • Un polypeptide de 500 dalton se potera trovar in le pulmones, cerebro o hepate.

Endometrium Characteristics

  • Durante le dies 22-26 del cyclo menstrual, le endometrio exhibi glandulas incatenate e stroma edematose.

Nitric Oxide

  • Le augmentation de GMP cyclic causa NO (nitric oxide) per far le vasodilatacion.

Synthesized Hormone Action

  • Le hormona synthetisate es ADH, que age sur le tubas de Collection. In le photo al senestra, le Epitelio Tubes de Collection e tuba es plus grande es Tube de Collection.

Compartment of the Cell

  • Cytosol es le compartimento del cellula.

Leydig Cells

  • Centriolos distingue al Leydig cellulas.

Absence of Organelles

  • Axones se characterisa per absentia de reticulo endoplasmic asper.

Structures to Transduce

  • Structura indicate per un flecha in un section histologic de pelle, se specialisa pro transducer stimulationes in le action potentiales. Iste structuras es specialisate in transducer irritantes chimic, frigido, calor, tacto de lumine e vibration.

B-Adrenergic Receptor

  • Caveolinas se activa per un B-receptor adrenergic?

Photoionization Occurs

  • Photoionisation occurre in pigmento continente disco.

Kidney Secretes

  • Le ren secreta Vitamina D in ordine a balancia un secreto de ren.

Liver Regeneration

  • Cellulas G0 pote regenerar cellulas in le hepate.

Arterial System

  • Characteristicas elastic del aorta resposabile pro le diastole.

Fibronectin Function

  • Fibronectina connecte proteina e cellulas.

Protein Translocation

  • Proteinas translacate ab ribosomas al bilayer lipido son le RER.

Cell Recognition During Tranplants

  • Macrophagios es le prime typo de cellulas que recognosce e reage a un transplanto.

Chylomicron Synthesis Location

  • Post un prandio ric in lipides, le synthese de chylomicron eveni in le vesiculas apical.

Merkel Cells

  • Cellulas de merkel pote trovar se in le pelle perdiente sensation in le digitos.

Oxidative Phosphorylation

  • Mitochondria es le structura implicate in phosphorilation oxidative in un specimen de cellula de musculo lise.

Mucus Production

  • Bronchiolos respiratori resposabile pro le production de muco.

Lymphocyte Circulation

  • Lymphocytos entra in le circulation lymphatic ab sanguine in le sinusoides lymphatic.

CFTR Degradation

  • In infantes con Fibrosi Cystic, fibroblasts con proteina defective CFTR con ubiquitina se degrada in le ER.

Fenestrated Capillaries

  • Capillares fenestrate in lysosomes e proteosoma.

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