TOPIC 2  pt 1
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Questions and Answers

what is the process safety hierarchy? (dont need to describe)

inherently safer, passive, active, procedural

what is difference between passive and active measures

passive is any safety that does not require any actions by any device

active is the use safety features that rely on the function of a device

list the typical layers of protection (LOPA) for a hazardous processing plant as seen.

process design basic process control critical alarms and human intervention safety instrumented function physical protection post release physical protection plant emergency response community emergency response

4 approaches of inherently safer

<p>minimize, moderate, substitute, simplify</p> Signup and view all the answers

give 1 example of inherently safer - minimize

<p>change from large batch reactor to small continuous tubular reactor</p> <p>reduce storage inventory of raw material reduce storage inventory of hazardous intermediate chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

which of these are example of inherently safer - simplify

<p>Design controls panels that are easy to comprehend</p> Signup and view all the answers

safety shut down system is a example of passive safety measure

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is procedural hazard control?

<p>reduce the risk by relying on trained operators actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is root cause analysis

<p>in=depth process of identifying underlying problems, it focuses on the system and process and not on the person</p> Signup and view all the answers

EXPLAIN 2 examples of passive safety measure

<p>flame arrestors: inline arrestors prevent fire or explosion from occurring in the vessel and propagating to another vessel</p> <p>containment: for hazardous chemicals, the exit of the relief system must go into the containment system</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Process Safety Hierarchy

  • Process safety hierarchy: a framework for hazard control and risk reduction

Passive vs Active Measures

  • Passive measures: do not require any action or response to function
  • Active measures: require action or response to function

Layers of Protection (LOPA)

  • Typical layers of protection for a hazardous processing plant:
    • Inherent safety
    • Passive safety measures
    • Active safety measures
    • Procedural safety measures
    • Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Inherently Safer Approaches

  • 4 approaches to inherently safer design:
    • Minimize
    • Substitute
    • Moderate
    • Simplify

Example of Inherently Safer Design

  • Minimize: reducing the amount of hazardous material used or stored

Inherently Safer Design Examples

  • Simplify: reducing the complexity of a process or system

Passive Safety Measures

  • Safety shutdown system: a type of passive safety measure that shuts down a process or system in response to a hazard
  • Examples of passive safety measures:
    • Firewalls to prevent fire spread
    • Blast walls to prevent explosion damage

Procedural Hazard Control

  • Procedural hazard control: using procedures and guidelines to control and manage hazards

Root Cause Analysis

  • Root cause analysis: a method to identify the underlying causes of an incident or accident

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Test your knowledge of the process safety hierarchy, a crucial concept in industrial safety and risk management.

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