10 Questions
what is the process safety hierarchy? (dont need to describe)
inherently safer, passive, active, procedural
what is difference between passive and active measures
passive is any safety that does not require any actions by any device
active is the use safety features that rely on the function of a device
list the typical layers of protection (LOPA) for a hazardous processing plant as seen.
process design basic process control critical alarms and human intervention safety instrumented function physical protection post release physical protection plant emergency response community emergency response
4 approaches of inherently safer
minimize, moderate, substitute, simplify
give 1 example of inherently safer - minimize
change from large batch reactor to small continuous tubular reactor
reduce storage inventory of raw material reduce storage inventory of hazardous intermediate chemicals
which of these are example of inherently safer - simplify
Design controls panels that are easy to comprehend
safety shut down system is a example of passive safety measure
False
what is procedural hazard control?
reduce the risk by relying on trained operators actions
what is root cause analysis
in=depth process of identifying underlying problems, it focuses on the system and process and not on the person
EXPLAIN 2 examples of passive safety measure
flame arrestors: inline arrestors prevent fire or explosion from occurring in the vessel and propagating to another vessel
containment: for hazardous chemicals, the exit of the relief system must go into the containment system
Study Notes
Process Safety Hierarchy
- Process safety hierarchy: a framework for hazard control and risk reduction
Passive vs Active Measures
- Passive measures: do not require any action or response to function
- Active measures: require action or response to function
Layers of Protection (LOPA)
- Typical layers of protection for a hazardous processing plant:
- Inherent safety
- Passive safety measures
- Active safety measures
- Procedural safety measures
- Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Inherently Safer Approaches
- 4 approaches to inherently safer design:
- Minimize
- Substitute
- Moderate
- Simplify
Example of Inherently Safer Design
- Minimize: reducing the amount of hazardous material used or stored
Inherently Safer Design Examples
- Simplify: reducing the complexity of a process or system
Passive Safety Measures
- Safety shutdown system: a type of passive safety measure that shuts down a process or system in response to a hazard
- Examples of passive safety measures:
- Firewalls to prevent fire spread
- Blast walls to prevent explosion damage
Procedural Hazard Control
- Procedural hazard control: using procedures and guidelines to control and manage hazards
Root Cause Analysis
- Root cause analysis: a method to identify the underlying causes of an incident or accident
Test your knowledge of the process safety hierarchy, a crucial concept in industrial safety and risk management.
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