Questions and Answers
Which of the following numbers could represent a probability that an event will occur? Select all that apply.
What best defines the term 'Experiment' in the context of probability?
A process that leads to only one of several possible outcomes.
Which option best describes the meaning of 'Outcome' in the context of probability?
A particular result of the experiment.
What is the best definition of 'Event' in a probability experiment?
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What does it mean when an experiment has a set of events that are collectively exhaustive?
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What is true about events that are both mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive?
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The value given for an empirical probability is based on?
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If the fraction of times an event happened in the past is used for assigning probability, this is called?
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As the number of trials increases, what does the law of large numbers say about the probabilities?
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Select the methodology that would result in a subjective probability.
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What does the special rule of addition calculate?
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What does the event ~A represent?
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Which of the following statements describe a probability? Select all that apply.
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How would you read the formula for P(~A)?
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When are two events considered independent?
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Give an example of conditional probability.
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What is the purpose of using selection WITH replacement?
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How do you calculate classical probability?
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What is an assumption upon which classical probability is based?
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Study Notes
Probability Concepts
- Probabilities range from 0 to 1 (inclusive). Valid representations include 25%, 0.43, and 3/4.
- An "Experiment" is defined as a process leading to one of several possible outcomes in probability context.
- "Outcome" refers to a specific result of a probability experiment.
- An "Event" consists of one or more outcomes from an experiment.
- Events are "collectively exhaustive" if at least one must occur.
- For events that are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive, the sum of their probabilities equals 1.
- Empirical probability is based on historical outcomes of an experiment.
- If a past occurrence is used to determine probability, it is termed "Empirical Probability."
- According to the law of large numbers, as trials increase, empirical probability approaches the true probability of an event.
- Subjective probability is determined by weighing available information and assigning a probability.
- The special rule of addition calculates the probability of either event A or B occurring, symbolized as P(A or B).
- The event ~A represents the complement of event A, meaning A does not occur.
- A probability describes the relative likelihood of an event and is a number between 0 and 1, but not expressed as a percentage.
- P(~A) reads as "The Probability of not A."
- Two events are independent if the occurrence of one does not affect the likelihood of the other.
- Conditional probability measures the chance of one event occurring given that another event has occurred.
- Selecting WITH replacement keeps probabilities consistent across trials, as events remain independent.
- Classical probability can be calculated by dividing the number of favorable outcomes by the total possible outcomes.
- Classical probability assumes that all outcomes of an experiment are equally likely.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in probability from Chapter 5, including valid probability values and the definition of an experiment. Test your understanding and improve your grasp of these fundamental ideas in probability.
