Probability and Discrete Random Variables

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Questions and Answers

Which term refers to events that cannot happen at the same time?

  • Independent events
  • Mutually exclusive events (correct)
  • Compound events
  • Simple events

What is the term for the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment?

  • Event space
  • Sample space (correct)
  • Probability space
  • Outcome set

In probability theory, what do we call two events that have no outcomes in common?

  • Conditional events
  • Independent events
  • Mutually exclusive events (correct)
  • Complementary events

Which rule states that the probability that either of two mutually exclusive events will occur is the sum of their individual probabilities?

<p>Addition Rule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for events whose occurrence or non-occurrence does not affect each other?

<p>Independent events (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an event that consists of more than one outcome happening together?

<p>Compound event (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which rule allows us to find the probability of either of two mutually exclusive events occurring?

<p>Addition Rule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment called?

<p>Sample space (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In probability, what are events called when their occurrence has no effect on each other?

<p>Independent events (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the probability that an event does not occur?

<p>Complement Rule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Events and Probability Rules

  • An event can be either a simple event or a compound event
  • A sample space is the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment
  • Mutually exclusive events are events that cannot occur simultaneously
  • Independent events are events where the occurrence of one event does not affect the probability of the other event
  • The Addition Rule is used to calculate the probability of the union of two events
  • The Complement Rule is used to calculate the probability of the complement of an event
  • The Intersection of events refers to the occurrence of two or more events simultaneously
  • Conditional events are events where the probability of one event is affected by the occurrence of another event

Discrete Random Variables

  • A discrete random variable exists if it satisfies two criteria:
    • The variable can only take on a countable number of distinct values
    • The variable can be defined using a probability mass function (PMF)
  • A probability mass function (PMF) is a function that assigns a probability to each possible value of a discrete random variable
  • A cumulative distribution function (CDF) is a function that assigns a probability to the set of values less than or equal to a given value of a discrete random variable
  • The expected value of a discrete random variable can be calculated using a formula
  • The variance and standard deviation of a discrete random variable can be calculated using a formula

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