Principles of Programming Languages: Chapter 1

1. Increased capacity to express programming concepts
2. Improved background for choosing appropriate languages
3. Increased ability to learn new languages
4. Understanding the significance of implementation
5. Increased ability to design new languages
6. Overall advancement of computing

1. Scientific applications
2. Business applications
3. Artificial intelligence
4. Systems programming
5. Scripting languages
6. Special purpose languages

1. Readability: the ease with which programs can be read and understood
2. Writability: the ease with which a language can be used to create programs
3. Reliability: conformance to specifications (i.e., performs to its specifications). Type checking and Exception handling
4. Cost: the ultimate total cost
5. Others: portability, generality, well-definedness

<p>The text does not explicitly list factors that influence language design. The closest it comes is mentioning &quot;Influences on Language Design&quot; as a section heading, but it does not provide details on what those influences are.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The text does not explicitly list the main categories of programming languages. The closest it comes is mentioning &quot;Language Categories&quot; as a section heading, but it does not provide details on what those categories are.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The text does not explicitly list the main implementation methods for programming languages. The closest it comes is mentioning &quot;Implementation Methods&quot; as a section heading, but it does not provide details on what those methods are.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Applying functions to given parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variables, assignment statements, and iteration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prolog</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Programmers efficiency became important; readability, better control structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>JSTL, XSLT</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>von Neumann machine architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tradeoff is that languages that provide more powerful and flexible operators, like APL, can be more writable (compact) but less reliable, while languages with more basic constructs, like C++ pointers, can be more reliable but less writable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main phases of the compilation process are: 1) Lexical analysis, 2) Syntax analysis, 3) Intermediate code generation, 4) Semantic analysis, and 5) Code generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compilation translates the high-level program to machine code, which is slow to translate but fast to execute, while pure interpretation uses an interpreter program, which is easy to implement but slow to execute and requires more space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The syntax analyzer transforms the lexical units (from the lexical analyzer) into parse trees, which represent the syntactic structure of the program.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The semantics analyzer checks for errors, such as type errors, in the program.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The intermediate code generator produces a program in a different language, as an intermediate step between the source program and the final machine code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pure interpretation uses an interpreter program, is easy to implement, but has slow execution and requires more space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hybrid implementation systems translate the high-level program to an intermediate code, and then interpret the intermediate code to machine code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compilation translates the high-level program directly to machine code, which results in slow translation but fast execution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A preprocessor, such as the #include directive in C, allows including another file within the code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A programming environment is the collection of tools used in the software development process, such as the UNIX operating system and tools, or Microsoft Visual Studio.NET.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some examples of major programming languages are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.</p> Signup and view all the answers