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Questions and Answers
What does Distributive Justice refer to?
Which principle states that individuals should be treated the same unless relevant differences exist?
What is Corporate Accountability primarily about?
In the context of Corrective Justice, what does 'just compensation' mean?
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What is one of the key aspects associated with Corporate Accountability?
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What area is often synonymous with accountability according to the text?
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Why is a group considered superior to its individual members in Japanese working practices?
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What did Socrates equate with virtue?
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How do Japanese people and organizations differentiate in terms of ethics or moral practices according to the text?
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What did Socrates consider the only life worth living?
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According to Socrates, what should guide decisions in life?
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Which circle encompasses closely-related business partners in Japanese working practices?
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What does the text suggest about the relationship between knowledge and happiness according to Socrates?
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What principle primarily replaces fellow circle ethics in the Japan circle according to the text?
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Which entities fall within the Japan circle in terms of business relationships based on the text?
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In the context of business, what is emphasized as crucial for managers according to the text?
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What is the main function of the four concentric rings in Japanese business dealings as per the text?
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What does the text suggest is important for an organization's culture?
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What does 'Utang na Loob' mean?
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How is 'Ningas Cogon' typically observed?
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What is the negative aspect of 'Ningas Cogon'?
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How does 'Utang na Loob' sometimes get abused?
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Why do many business meetings end up as failures according to the text?
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What do participants in business meetings often leave with?
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What is the Filipino value that refers to a sense of good manners or behaving rightly in all situations?
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How can 'delicadeza' be understood in Filipino culture according to the text?
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What does 'hiya' stand for in Filipino culture?
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How do Filipinos view failing to live up to societal norms according to the text?
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Which term refers to the strict adherence to what is right, moral, or ethical?
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What consequences are faced by someone without 'delicadeza' according to the text?
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Study Notes
Superiority of Groups
- In Japanese culture, a group is considered superior to its individual members, as the group is seen as a direct connection to the universal life force.
- Individuals can only connect with this life force through their group activities.
Four Circles of Business Relationships
- In Japan, there are four concentric circles that encompass all levels of groups:
- Family circle: closely-related business partners
- Fellow circle: cross-shareholding corporations, steady customers, banks, fellow traders, etc.
- Japan circle: principle of free competition, ethics substantially replaced by competitors, unrelated corporations, and ordinary stockholders
- World circle: all other competitors around the world
Principles of Justice
- Distributive Justice: ensuring fair distribution of benefits and burdens in society
- Retributive or Corrective Justice: fair and just punishments
- Compensatory Justice: fair compensation for injuries inflicted by others
Accountability
- The obligation of an individual or organization to account for their actions, accept responsibility, and disclose results transparently
- Corporate Accountability: being accountable to stakeholders such as shareholders, employees, suppliers, customers, and the community
Socrates' Philosophy
- Equated knowledge with virtue, leading to ethical conduct
- Believed that the examined life is the only life worth living
- Knowledge of the good is almost similar to an enlightened state
- Applied to business: managers should not follow the crowd, and organizations should encourage independent thinkers and critical feedback
Filipino Values
- Utang na Loob (Debt of Gratitude): remembering and repaying good deeds done by others
- Ningas Cogon: starting projects with enthusiasm but failing to follow through
- Delicadeza: good manners, proper behavior, and adherence to what is right, moral, or ethical
- Hiya (Shame): sense of social propriety and conforming to societal norms of behavior
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Description
Test your understanding of the principles of justice such as treating individuals equally and different kinds of justice including distributive and retributive justice. Explore concepts related to the fair distribution of benefits and burdens in society and the fairness of punishments.
