COPY: Principles of Infectious Diseases Intro

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What is the definition of infection?

A disorder of structure or function in the host that adversely impacts the host

A disorder of structure or function in the host that is a result of physical injury

A disease caused by a pathogenic microorganism

The invasion and multiplication of pathogens in an individual or population (correct)

What is the term for diseases that can be spread directly or indirectly from one animal to another?

Infectious diseases

Pathogenic diseases

Invasive diseases

Communicable diseases (correct)

What is the term for the ability of a pathogen to cause disease?

Dispersal efficiency

Inoculation dose

Survival efficiency

Pathogenicity (correct)

What is the importance of Koch's postulates?

To identify the pathogens causing diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is One Health?

The interaction between humans, animals, and the environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of the cause of disease?

Etiology Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with discovering the bacteria responsible for anthrax, tuberculosis, and cholera?

Robert Koch Signup and view all the answers

What type of relationship exists between a microbe and its host when neither is harmed and one or both derive a benefit?

Commensal Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that is capable of causing disease?

Pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that must produce disease to transmit and thereby survive evolutionarily?

Obligate pathogen Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with demonstrating that a silkworm disease was contagious and caused by a microscopic fungus?

Agostino Bassi Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pathogen requires significant impairment of the host's immunity to cause disease?

Opportunistic pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that is transmitted to the host from an environmental source such as water or soil?

Environmental pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What type of pathogen can infect and multiply in hosts, but is also capable of multiplying in the environment?

Facultative pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that is a colonizer or pathogen on animals and that can be transmitted to humans?

Zoonotic pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that is not a commensal, but can produce asymptomatic infections?

Obligate pathogen Signup and view all the answers

How do commensal pathogens enter the host?

By skipping the invasion step Signup and view all the answers

What is the essential trait for obligate pathogens?

Exiting the host to infect new hosts Signup and view all the answers

Why may Koch's postulates not be fulfilled for some pathogens?

The pathogen cannot be isolated or grown in culture Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the incubation stage of an infectious disease?

The pathogen multiplies without clinical signs Signup and view all the answers

Who first observed microorganisms?

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that is invisible to the naked eye?

Microorganism Signup and view all the answers

What type of microorganism is capable of causing disease?

Pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that is a normal inhabitant of the animal body?

Commensal Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the pasteurization process and developed vaccines against rabies and anthrax?

Louis Pasteur Signup and view all the answers

What is the size order of microorganisms, from smallest to largest?

Prions, viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular parasites Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of an opportunistic pathogen?

It requires significant impairment of the host's immunity to cause disease. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pathogen can cause disease in humans through direct contact with an animal or its products?

Zoonotic pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that is commonly found within the indigenous microbiota and can cause disease in normal hosts with some regularity?

Commensal pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What type of pathogen can cause disease through vectors such as ticks?

Zoonotic pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of an obligate pathogen?

It is not a commensal, but can produce asymptomatic infections. Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for a pathogen to establish a unique habitat within the host?

Both A and D Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of Koch’s postulates?

Disease caused by viruses Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the prodromal stage of an infectious disease?

General and unspecific signs appear Signup and view all the answers

What is the essential trait for obligate pathogens?

Ability to transmit to new hosts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between infection and disease?

Infection is the invasion and multiplication of pathogens, while disease is a disorder of structure or function Signup and view all the answers

COPY: Principles of Infectious Diseases Intro

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of infection?

What is the term for diseases that can be spread directly or indirectly from one animal to another?

What is the term for the ability of a pathogen to cause disease?

What is the importance of Koch's postulates?

What is One Health?

What is the term for the study of the cause of disease?

Who is credited with discovering the bacteria responsible for anthrax, tuberculosis, and cholera?

What type of relationship exists between a microbe and its host when neither is harmed and one or both derive a benefit?

What is the term for a microorganism that is capable of causing disease?

What is the term for a microorganism that must produce disease to transmit and thereby survive evolutionarily?

Who is credited with demonstrating that a silkworm disease was contagious and caused by a microscopic fungus?

Which type of pathogen requires significant impairment of the host's immunity to cause disease?

What is the term for a microorganism that is transmitted to the host from an environmental source such as water or soil?

What type of pathogen can infect and multiply in hosts, but is also capable of multiplying in the environment?

What is the term for a microorganism that is a colonizer or pathogen on animals and that can be transmitted to humans?

What is the term for a microorganism that is not a commensal, but can produce asymptomatic infections?

How do commensal pathogens enter the host?

What is the essential trait for obligate pathogens?

Why may Koch's postulates not be fulfilled for some pathogens?

What occurs during the incubation stage of an infectious disease?

Who first observed microorganisms?

What is the term for a microorganism that is invisible to the naked eye?

What type of microorganism is capable of causing disease?

What is the term for a microorganism that is a normal inhabitant of the animal body?

Who developed the pasteurization process and developed vaccines against rabies and anthrax?

What is the size order of microorganisms, from smallest to largest?

What is the primary characteristic of an opportunistic pathogen?

Which type of pathogen can cause disease in humans through direct contact with an animal or its products?

What is the term for a microorganism that is commonly found within the indigenous microbiota and can cause disease in normal hosts with some regularity?

What type of pathogen can cause disease through vectors such as ticks?

What is the primary characteristic of an obligate pathogen?

What is necessary for a pathogen to establish a unique habitat within the host?

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of Koch’s postulates?

What occurs during the prodromal stage of an infectious disease?

What is the essential trait for obligate pathogens?

What is the primary difference between infection and disease?

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