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Principles of Genetics: Protein Synthesis

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Principles of Genetics: Protein Synthesis

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of a codon?

To transcribe DNA into RNA

To synthesize mRNA

To replicate DNA

To specify the production of one amino acid (correct)

Where does the process of translation take place?

In the golgi apparatus

In the mitochondria

In the cytoplasm (correct)

In the nucleus

What is the term for genetic disorders caused by alterations in a single gene?

Genetic mutations

Single-gene disorders (correct)

Multifactorial disorders

Chromosomal disorders

What is the mode of inheritance of autosomal dominant disorders?

One copy from one parent Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of alterations in genes or combinations of them?

Genetic disorders Signup and view all the answers

How many categories can genetic disorders be classified into?

Three Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when RNA is synthesized from the DNA template?

Transcription Signup and view all the answers

Where does protein synthesis take place in the cell?

Cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the nucleic acid involved in the processes of transcription and translation?

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) Signup and view all the answers

What is created after the introns are removed during transcription?

Messenger RNA (mRNA) Signup and view all the answers

Where does mRNA move to after being created in the nucleus?

Cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the process of making a functional protein?

Replication Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of genes in the human body?

To control the rate at which proteins are made Signup and view all the answers

What are the two strands of DNA held together by?

Hydrogen bonds between pairs of bases Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of nitrogenous bases that encode specific genetic information?

The sequence of As, Gs, Cs, and Ts on the two strands of the double helix Signup and view all the answers

What is the sugar molecule that makes up DNA?

Deoxyribose Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the specific pairing of bases on each strand of DNA?

The encoding of specific genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of DNA in the human body?

To transmit genetic information from one generation to the next Signup and view all the answers