18 Questions
What is the function of a codon?
To specify the production of one amino acid
Where does the process of translation take place?
In the cytoplasm
What is the term for genetic disorders caused by alterations in a single gene?
Single-gene disorders
What is the mode of inheritance of autosomal dominant disorders?
One copy from one parent
What is the result of alterations in genes or combinations of them?
Genetic disorders
How many categories can genetic disorders be classified into?
Three
What is the process called when RNA is synthesized from the DNA template?
Transcription
Where does protein synthesis take place in the cell?
Cytoplasm
What is the nucleic acid involved in the processes of transcription and translation?
Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
What is created after the introns are removed during transcription?
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Where does mRNA move to after being created in the nucleus?
Cytoplasm
What is the first step in the process of making a functional protein?
Replication
What is the primary function of genes in the human body?
To control the rate at which proteins are made
What are the two strands of DNA held together by?
Hydrogen bonds between pairs of bases
What is the sequence of nitrogenous bases that encode specific genetic information?
The sequence of As, Gs, Cs, and Ts on the two strands of the double helix
What is the sugar molecule that makes up DNA?
Deoxyribose
What is the result of the specific pairing of bases on each strand of DNA?
The encoding of specific genetic information
What is the primary role of DNA in the human body?
To transmit genetic information from one generation to the next
Understand the fundamental principles of genetics, including DNA replication, transcription, and translation, and how they contribute to protein synthesis. Learn about the role of the cell nucleus and cytoplasm in protein synthesis.
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