Principles of Ergonomics Definition

Ergonomics Overview

• Main goal of ergonomics is to improve efficiency and safety by optimizing interactions between individuals and their work environment.
• The term 'ergonomics' refers to the science of designing and arranging workplaces, products, and systems to fit the people who use them.

Etymology

• 'Ergonomics' is derived from Greek words: "ergon" meaning work, and "nomos" meaning law or management.

Design Implications

• Anthropometric data assists in design by providing measurements of human body dimensions to create products that fit a diverse range of users.
• Ergonomics studies the interactions between humans and other elements of a system, addressing how these interactions can be improved.

Workplace Contributions

• Ergonomics enhances workplace safety and productivity by ensuring that tasks and environments are tailored to human capabilities.
• Primary difference between anthropometrics and ergonomics is that anthropometrics focuses solely on body measurements, while ergonomics encompasses the broader interaction of humans with their environment.

Neutral Posture Importance

• Maintaining a neutral posture while working minimizes strain and reduces the risk of injury.
• For those standing or moving around, using anti-fatigue mats and proper footwear can help maintain a neutral posture.

Force Reduction Principle

• The principle of 'decreasing the need for excessive force' aims to prevent injuries related to overexertion.
• To reduce the need for excessive force when moving heavy items, techniques such as using mechanical aids or adjusting body positioning can be implemented.

Reach Envelope

• The reach envelope in ergonomics defines the area within which a person can comfortably reach for objects, emphasizing the need for accessibility in design.
• Keeping materials within easy reach reduces the risk of strain and enhances efficiency.

Work Surface Height

• Recommended height for a work surface is typically at elbow level when seated to promote comfort.
• If a work surface is too high or too low, adjustments should be made through risers, adjustable chairs, or changing the layout.

Lifting Techniques

• To avoid back strain while lifting, ergonomics recommends bending at the knees, keeping the load close to the body, and using legs for lifting.

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs)

• MSDs include a range of conditions affecting the muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves, often resulting from poor ergonomics.
• Consequences of untreated MSD symptoms may include chronic pain and permanent disability.
• Common MSD risk factors in the workplace include repetitive motions, awkward postures, and heavy lifting.

Ergonomics Goals

• Ergonomics aims to enhance the interaction between individuals and tasks, ensuring optimal performance and comfort.
• Ergonomics is also known as human factors engineering.

Historical Context

• The term 'ergonomics' was coined by Polish scientist Wojciech Jastrzebowski in 1857, focusing on improving human productivity and health.
• Core focus of ergonomics is to align tasks and environments with human capabilities and limitations.
• Disciplines contributing to ergonomics include psychology, engineering, design, and physiology.

Modern Applications

• The original idea behind ergonomics emphasized improving work performance and efficiency through thoughtful design.
• The term used to describe the characteristics of products and design in today’s industry is often referred to as user-centered design or human-centered design.

Learn about the definition of ergonomics and its importance in improving productivity and reducing discomfort in the workplace. Ergonomics is derived from Greek words 'ergon' meaning work and 'nomos' meaning laws, and it focuses on designing tools and equipment to enhance the well-being of workers.