L24 SAQ - Principles of CNS Neurotransmission Quiz

CNS neurotransmission refers to the process by which neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) communicate with each other through the release and reception of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. It is essential for the transmission of information and coordination of various physiological functions in the body.

There are approximately 100 billion (1011) neurons in the nervous system.

Glia, also known as neuroglia, play a supporting function in the nervous system. They provide structural support, maintenance, and insulation to neurons.

<p>A synapse is a specialized site where neurons communicate with other cells using neurotransmitters. Neurons release neurotransmitters into the synapse, which then bind to receptors on the target cells and transmit the signal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The four steps of neurotransmission are: 1) Synthesis and storage of neurotransmitter in nerve terminals, 2) Release of neurotransmitter upon nerve stimulation, 3) Stimulation of target organs/cells by the neurotransmitter, and 4) Termination of the neurotransmitter's effect through active mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The synthesis of neurotransmitters typically occurs in the cytosol of nerve terminals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurotransmitters are classified into two main categories: classical (small molecule) neurotransmitters and neuropeptides (non-classical neurotransmitters).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neuropeptides are short peptides composed of 3-36 amino acids. They are neuroactive and have a longer duration of action compared to classical neurotransmitters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia are examples of glial cells in the nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p><a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a></p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>H+-ATPase and vesicular neurotransmitter transporter</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide insulation along the axon and prevent loss of signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To allow Ca2+ influx, which is necessary for neurotransmitter release</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>V-SNARES and T-SNARES</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To sense Ca2+ and trigger neurotransmitter release</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myasthenic syndromes and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To cause paralysis by inhibiting neurotransmitter release</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crossed eyes, uncontrolled blinking, excessive sweating, glabellar frown lines, and chronic migraines</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionotropic and metabotropic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzymatic degradation, uptake into neurons or surrounding astrocytes, and diffusion away from synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers