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Questions and Answers
What are the main methods of modern diagnosis of primary tuberculosis complex?
What are the main methods of modern diagnosis of primary tuberculosis complex?
What types of disseminated tuberculosis are distinguished?
What types of disseminated tuberculosis are distinguished?
What are the main clinical signs of subacute disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis?
What are the main clinical signs of subacute disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis?
What symptoms are typical in the clinic of miliary tuberculosis?
What symptoms are typical in the clinic of miliary tuberculosis?
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What characteristic changes are distinguished in a favorable course of the primary tuberculosis complex?
What characteristic changes are distinguished in a favorable course of the primary tuberculosis complex?
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Study Notes
Diagnosis of Primary Tuberculosis Complex
- Chest radiograph (X-ray) or computed tomography (CT) scan to identify abnormalities in the lungs
- Tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test) or interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) to diagnose latent TB infection
- Sputum smear or culture to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or rapid molecular diagnostic tests to detect genetic material of TB bacteria
Types of Disseminated Tuberculosis
- Miliary tuberculosis: widespread dissemination of TB bacteria through the bloodstream, affecting multiple organs
- Meningitis: infection of the lining surrounding the brain and spinal cord
- Pneumonic plague: infection of the lungs and airways
- Osteoarticular tuberculosis: infection of bones and joints
- Gastrointestinal tuberculosis: infection of the digestive system
- Genitourinary tuberculosis: infection of the kidneys, bladder, or reproductive organs
Clinical Signs of Subacute Disseminated Pulmonary Tuberculosis
- Chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum
- Fever, chills, and night sweats
- Weight loss and loss of appetite
- Coughing up blood or rust-colored sputum
- Fatigue and weakness
- Chest pain or tightness
Symptoms of Miliary Tuberculosis
- High fever, chills, and sweating
- Diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting
- Headache, confusion, and stiff neck
- Seizures, loss of consciousness, or coma
- Skin lesions or rashes
- Enlarged lymph nodes, spleen, or liver
- Bone or joint pain
Favorable Course of Primary Tuberculosis Complex
- Formation of a granuloma, a cluster of immune cells that contain the infection
- Calcification of the primary lesion, leaving a hard, calcified scar
- Resolution of symptoms and radiographic abnormalities within 6-12 months
- Complete healing with minimal residual lung damage
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Description
Test your knowledge of primary tuberculosis complex with this quiz covering its elements, methods of modern diagnosis, and changes in the hemogram. Identify what elements do not consist of the primary tuberculosis complex and name the main methods of modern diagnosis, as well as the changes in the hemogram in case of active primary tuberculosis complex.