skin system
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skin system

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis?

  • TNF-alpha mediated activation of T-helper cell 4 pathway
  • IL-5 mediated activation of T-helper cell 2 pathway
  • IL-12 mediated activation of T-helper cell 1 pathway
  • IL-23 mediated activation of T-helper cell 17 pathway (correct)
  • What is the characteristic feature of inverse psoriasis?

  • Well-demarcated and thick, silver, scaly, erythematous plaques
  • Small papules that appear suddenly on trunk or extremities
  • Widespread, red scaling lesions that cover a large body surface area
  • Large, smooth, dry, deep red lesions in skin folds (correct)
  • What is the name of the type of psoriasis that develops suddenly after a streptococcal infection?

  • Pustular psoriasis
  • Plaque psoriasis
  • Guttate psoriasis (correct)
  • Erythrodermic psoriasis
  • What is the term for the phenomenon where psoriatic lesions occur at the site of skin trauma?

    <p>Koebner phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of stasis dermatitis?

    <p>Usually occurs in the lower extremities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of psoriasis that is associated with plaque psoriasis?

    <p>Psoriatic arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the melanocytes in the epidermis?

    <p>To synthesize and secrete melanin for skin color and UV radiation protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for surface keratin formation and Odland body discharge?

    <p>Stratum Granulosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the sebaceous glands in the skin?

    <p>To produce sebum for oiling skin and hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are responsible for phagocytic activity in the dermis?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the layer of the skin that connects the overlying dermis to the underlying muscle?

    <p>Hypodermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the papillary capillaries in the skin?

    <p>To provide a rich supply of blood to the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sweat glands are primarily found in the palms, soles, and forehead?

    <p>Eccrine glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Langerhans cells in the epidermis?

    <p>To initiate an immune response against environmental antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the layer of the epidermis that is only seen in thicker skin on the palms and soles?

    <p>Stratum Lucidum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the mast cells in the dermis?

    <p>To secrete histamine and participate in hypersensitivity reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a macule?

    <p>Flat, circumscribed area with a change in color of the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a papule and a plaque?

    <p>Size, papules are less than 1 cm in diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a wheal?

    <p>Elevated, irregularly shaped area of cutaneous edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a nodule?

    <p>Elevated, firm, and circumscribed lesion deeper in the dermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a pustule?

    <p>Elevated, superficial lesion filled with purulent fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a cyst?

    <p>Elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesion filled with liquid or semisolid material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a bulla?

    <p>Vesicle that measures greater than 1 cm in diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a telangiectasia?

    <p>Thin and irregular red lines produced from capillary dilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of allergic contact dermatitis?

    <p>T-cell mediated hypersensitivity to exogenous agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark of atopic dermatitis?

    <p>Itching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of injury in frostbite?

    <p>Indirect injury related to progressive microvascular thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of 1st degree frostbite?

    <p>Superficial numb central white area surrounded by erythema and edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between 2nd and 3rd degree burns?

    <p>Depth of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of escharotomies in 3rd degree burns?

    <p>To relieve tension and promote circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rule of 9s used for?

    <p>To estimate the total body surface area (TBSA) affected by burns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of 4th degree burns?

    <p>Extends past subcutaneous level to muscle and bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common bacterial skin infection in children?

    <p>Impetigo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of virus is responsible for causing chicken pox and shingles?

    <p>Varicella-zoster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic symptom of Herpes Simplex Virus 1?

    <p>Clusters of inflamed and painful vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fungal infection is commonly known as 'Ringworm'?

    <p>Tinea Corporis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period of Varicella-zoster virus?

    <p>14 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial infection is commonly associated with lesions on the face, nose, and mouth?

    <p>Impetigo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic symptom of Rubella?

    <p>Faint, pink to red confluent maculopapular rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which viral infection is responsible for causing 'sixth disease'?

    <p>HHV-6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic symptom of Tinea Pedis?

    <p>Slight scaling, macerated and painful skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial infection is caused by Staph aureus?

    <p>Folliculitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of lip cancer?

    <p>Squamous Cell Carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic appearance of Basal Cell Carcinoma?

    <p>Pearly and ivory with depressed centers and rolled borders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk factor for Cutaneous Melanoma?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Superficial Spreading Melanoma?

    <p>Radial lateral growth evolves to invasion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnostic rule for Cutaneous Melanoma?

    <p>ABCDE rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the associated virus with Kaposi Sarcoma?

    <p>Human herpesvirus type 8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Kaposi Sarcoma lesions?

    <p>Red, purple or brown macules that develop into plaques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the course of Basal Cell Carcinoma?

    <p>Begins as nodule and grows upwards and laterally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark of Basal Cell Carcinoma?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of Cutaneous Melanoma that is frequently found in the elderly?

    <p>Lentigo Malignant Melanoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

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