skin system
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis?

  • TNF-alpha mediated activation of T-helper cell 4 pathway
  • IL-5 mediated activation of T-helper cell 2 pathway
  • IL-12 mediated activation of T-helper cell 1 pathway
  • IL-23 mediated activation of T-helper cell 17 pathway (correct)

What is the characteristic feature of inverse psoriasis?

  • Well-demarcated and thick, silver, scaly, erythematous plaques
  • Small papules that appear suddenly on trunk or extremities
  • Widespread, red scaling lesions that cover a large body surface area
  • Large, smooth, dry, deep red lesions in skin folds (correct)

What is the name of the type of psoriasis that develops suddenly after a streptococcal infection?

  • Pustular psoriasis
  • Plaque psoriasis
  • Guttate psoriasis (correct)
  • Erythrodermic psoriasis

What is the term for the phenomenon where psoriatic lesions occur at the site of skin trauma?

<p>Koebner phenomenon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of stasis dermatitis?

<p>Usually occurs in the lower extremities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of psoriasis that is associated with plaque psoriasis?

<p>Psoriatic arthritis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the melanocytes in the epidermis?

<p>To synthesize and secrete melanin for skin color and UV radiation protection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for surface keratin formation and Odland body discharge?

<p>Stratum Granulosum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sebaceous glands in the skin?

<p>To produce sebum for oiling skin and hair (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are responsible for phagocytic activity in the dermis?

<p>Macrophages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the layer of the skin that connects the overlying dermis to the underlying muscle?

<p>Hypodermis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the papillary capillaries in the skin?

<p>To provide a rich supply of blood to the skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of sweat glands are primarily found in the palms, soles, and forehead?

<p>Eccrine glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Langerhans cells in the epidermis?

<p>To initiate an immune response against environmental antigens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the layer of the epidermis that is only seen in thicker skin on the palms and soles?

<p>Stratum Lucidum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mast cells in the dermis?

<p>To secrete histamine and participate in hypersensitivity reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a macule?

<p>Flat, circumscribed area with a change in color of the skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a papule and a plaque?

<p>Size, papules are less than 1 cm in diameter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a wheal?

<p>Elevated, irregularly shaped area of cutaneous edema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a nodule?

<p>Elevated, firm, and circumscribed lesion deeper in the dermis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a pustule?

<p>Elevated, superficial lesion filled with purulent fluid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a cyst?

<p>Elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesion filled with liquid or semisolid material (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a bulla?

<p>Vesicle that measures greater than 1 cm in diameter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a telangiectasia?

<p>Thin and irregular red lines produced from capillary dilation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of allergic contact dermatitis?

<p>T-cell mediated hypersensitivity to exogenous agent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark of atopic dermatitis?

<p>Itching (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of injury in frostbite?

<p>Indirect injury related to progressive microvascular thrombosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of 1st degree frostbite?

<p>Superficial numb central white area surrounded by erythema and edema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between 2nd and 3rd degree burns?

<p>Depth of injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of escharotomies in 3rd degree burns?

<p>To relieve tension and promote circulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule of 9s used for?

<p>To estimate the total body surface area (TBSA) affected by burns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of 4th degree burns?

<p>Extends past subcutaneous level to muscle and bone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common bacterial skin infection in children?

<p>Impetigo (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of virus is responsible for causing chicken pox and shingles?

<p>Varicella-zoster (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic symptom of Herpes Simplex Virus 1?

<p>Clusters of inflamed and painful vesicles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fungal infection is commonly known as 'Ringworm'?

<p>Tinea Corporis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period of Varicella-zoster virus?

<p>14 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial infection is commonly associated with lesions on the face, nose, and mouth?

<p>Impetigo (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic symptom of Rubella?

<p>Faint, pink to red confluent maculopapular rash (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which viral infection is responsible for causing 'sixth disease'?

<p>HHV-6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic symptom of Tinea Pedis?

<p>Slight scaling, macerated and painful skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial infection is caused by Staph aureus?

<p>Folliculitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of lip cancer?

<p>Squamous Cell Carcinoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of Basal Cell Carcinoma?

<p>Pearly and ivory with depressed centers and rolled borders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for Cutaneous Melanoma?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Superficial Spreading Melanoma?

<p>Radial lateral growth evolves to invasion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic rule for Cutaneous Melanoma?

<p>ABCDE rule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the associated virus with Kaposi Sarcoma?

<p>Human herpesvirus type 8 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Kaposi Sarcoma lesions?

<p>Red, purple or brown macules that develop into plaques (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the course of Basal Cell Carcinoma?

<p>Begins as nodule and grows upwards and laterally (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark of Basal Cell Carcinoma?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of Cutaneous Melanoma that is frequently found in the elderly?

<p>Lentigo Malignant Melanoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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