Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the objective of Preventive Medicine?
What is the objective of Preventive Medicine?
- To identify the symptoms of the disease
- To provide palliative care to patients
- To cure the disease
- To oppose the cause of the disease and thereby the disease process (correct)
What is necessary to initiate preventive measures?
What is necessary to initiate preventive measures?
- Knowledge of natural history of disease (correct)
- Knowledge of disease diagnosis
- Knowledge of disease prognosis
- Knowledge of disease treatment
What is the main goal of primordial prevention?
What is the main goal of primordial prevention?
- To treat chronic diseases
- To educate patients about their disease
- To prevent the emergence of risk factors (correct)
- To prevent the onset of disease
What is an example of primary prevention?
What is an example of primary prevention?
What is the focus of secondary prevention?
What is the focus of secondary prevention?
What is a method of intervention in secondary prevention?
What is a method of intervention in secondary prevention?
What is the goal of population (mass) strategy in primary prevention?
What is the goal of population (mass) strategy in primary prevention?
What level of prevention involves action taken after the onset of disease?
What level of prevention involves action taken after the onset of disease?
What is secondary prevention characterized by?
What is secondary prevention characterized by?
What is the primary goal of tertiary prevention?
What is the primary goal of tertiary prevention?
What is intervention defined as?
What is intervention defined as?
What is the first mode of intervention in the continuum?
What is the first mode of intervention in the continuum?
How many modes of intervention are there?
How many modes of intervention are there?
What is the last mode of intervention in the continuum?
What is the last mode of intervention in the continuum?
What is the main goal of health promotion?
What is the main goal of health promotion?
What is an example of specific protection?
What is an example of specific protection?
What is the benefit of early diagnosis and treatment?
What is the benefit of early diagnosis and treatment?
What is the concept of disability?
What is the concept of disability?
What is the goal of rehabilitation?
What is the goal of rehabilitation?
What is the stage of prevention that aims to reduce the impact of an already established disease?
What is the stage of prevention that aims to reduce the impact of an already established disease?
What is the main focus of the school health session?
What is the main focus of the school health session?
What is the stage of prevention that aims to avoid or remove the cause of a health problem?
What is the stage of prevention that aims to avoid or remove the cause of a health problem?
Study Notes
Disease Prevention
- Objective of Preventive Medicine is to oppose the cause of the disease and thereby the disease process
- Successful prevention depends on knowledge of causation, dynamics of transmission, identification of risk factors and risk groups, availability of prophylaxis & vaccination, and availability of treatment
- It is desirable to know the natural history of disease to initiate preventive measures
Levels of Prevention
- Primordial prevention: prevention of emergence or development of risk factors in countries or population groups where they have not yet appeared
- Primary prevention: action taken prior to the onset of disease
- Secondary prevention: action which stops the progress of a disease at its early stage and prevents complications
- Tertiary prevention: measures to reduce or limit impairments and disabilities, minimize suffering, and promote patients' adjustment to permanent conditions
Primary Prevention
- Works with people who have at least one risk factor for developing disease
- Approaches for primary prevention of chronic diseases:
- Population (mass) strategy
- High-risk strategy
Secondary Prevention
- More expensive, less effective, and occurs after the patient has already been subject to mental and physical pain
- Methods of intervention: medical treatment, health education, and lifestyle changes
Tertiary Prevention
- All measures to reduce or limit impairments and disabilities, minimize suffering, and promote patients' adjustment to permanent conditions
Modes of Intervention
- Intervention is an attempt to interrupt the usual sequence in the development of disease in man
- Five modes of intervention:
- Health promotion
- Specific protection
- Early diagnosis and treatment
- Disability limitation
- Rehabilitation
Health Promotion
- Enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health and thereby improve their health
- Includes health education, nutritional intervention, and lifestyle and behavioral change
Specific Protection
- Immunization, use of specific nutrients, chemoprophylaxis, protection against occupational hazards, protection against accidents, and avoidance of allergens
Early Diagnosis and Treatment
- Earlier a disease is diagnosed and treated, the better it is from the point of view of prognosis
Disability Limitation
- Concept of disability: disease → impairment → disability → handicap
- Example: an accident → loss of foot → cannot walk → unemployed
Rehabilitation
- Combined and coordinated use of medical, social, educational, and vocational measures for training and retraining the individual to the highest possible level of functional ability
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Description
Learn about the objectives and principles of preventive medicine, including disease prevention and causation. Test your knowledge with this quiz!
