Preventing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in Anesthesia
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the most significant predictor for difficult intubation in obese patients?

  • Unable to prognath
  • Presence of frontal teeth
  • Mallampati IV (correct)
  • Presence of beard

What is the primary reason for predicting difficult intubation in patients with obesity?

  • Mallampati classification (correct)
  • Presence of facial hair
  • Dental structure
  • Limited mobility of the jaw

Which of the following is a limiting factor in intubation?

  • Frontal teeth
  • inability to prognath (correct)
  • Mallampati score
  • Beard

What is the significance of the number 45 in the context of intubation?

<p>Unrelated to intubation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the classification system used to predict difficult intubation?

<p>Mallampati classification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of postoperative acute renal failure?

<p>Gradually progressive deterioration of renal functions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a indicator of postoperative acute renal failure?

<p>Good urine output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mortality rate associated with isolated kidney failure?

<p>10% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indicator of postoperative acute renal failure?

<p>Renal function tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a comorbidity associated with postoperative acute renal failure?

<p>Anemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor is involved in reducing serotonin chemoreceptor stimulation?

<p>5HT 3 receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CRTZ in relation to antiemetic drugs?

<p>It is the site of action for antiemetic drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT involved in reducing serotonin chemoreceptor stimulation?

<p>Muscarinic receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of action for drugs that reduce serotonin chemoreceptor stimulation?

<p>CRTZ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor is NOT involved in regulating nausea and vomiting?

<p>Muscarinic receptor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Miller's, at what temperature does the EEG become flat?

<p>16 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the page number in Morgan's reference where the temperature for a flat EEG is mentioned?

<p>578 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between thermoregulation and the temperature at which the EEG becomes flat?

<p>Thermoregulation is related to the temperature at which the EEG becomes flat in neonates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the temperature at which the EEG becomes flat in neonates?

<p>It is a sign of brain damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the question number that is related to thermoregulation in neonates?

<p>192 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not a method to prevent VAP?

<p>Prophylaxis antibiotic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a non-pharmacological method to prevent VAP?

<p>Head up (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of frequent suctioning in VAP prevention?

<p>To reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods to prevent VAP is mentioned in Stoelting's Anesthesia and Co-existing Diseases?

<p>Frequent suction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between VAP prevention and head elevation?

<p>Head elevation reduces the risk of VAP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Difficult Intubation Predictor

Mallampati IV is a strong indicator of potential intubation difficulties in obese patients.

Predicting Intubation Difficulty

Mallampati classification helps predict potential intubation difficulties by assessing airway visibility.

Limiting Factor in Intubation

Inability to prognath (jut the jaw forward) can limit the ability to align the airway axes for successful intubation.

Mallampati Classification

The Mallampati classification system is used to predict potential intubation difficulties.

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Postoperative Acute Renal Failure

Postoperative acute renal failure involves a gradual worsening of kidney function after surgery.

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Non-Indicator of Acute Renal Failure

Good urine output is NOT an indicator of postoperative acute renal failure.

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Mortality Rate of Kidney Failure

Isolated kidney failure has a mortality rate of about 10%.

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Indicator of Renal Failure

Renal function tests are the primary way to assess kidney function.

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Comorbidity with Renal Failure

Anemia (low red blood cell count) is a comorbidity linked to postoperative acute renal failure.

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Receptor for Nausea Reduction

The 5HT3 receptor is targeted to reduce serotonin-related nausea and vomiting.

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Antiemetic Drug Site of Action

The CRTZ is the location where antiemetic drugs act to control nausea and vomiting.

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Receptor NOT Involved in Nausea

Muscarinic receptors are generally not directly involved in reducing serotonin-related nausea and vomiting.

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Serotonin Drug Target Site

The CRTZ (Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone) is the target for drugs reducing serotonin-induced nausea.

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Temperature for Flat EEG

According to Miller's Anesthesia, the EEG becomes flat at around 16 degrees Celsius.

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EEG temp & Thermoregulation

Thermoregulation in neonates is related to the temperature at which brain activity ceases, which is when the EEG becomes flat.

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Flat EEG Significance

A flat EEG is a sign of brain damage at low temperature in neonates.

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Not prevention method for VAP

Prophylactic antibiotics is NOT a method to prevent VAP.

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Non-Pharmacological, VAP Prevention

Elevating the head of the bed is a non pharmacology and prevents VAP.

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Frequent Suctioning

Frequent suctioning removes secretions to help prevent VAP.

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VAP Prevention Mentioned

Frequent suction is listed to help prevent VAP.

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VAP and Head

Elevation of head reduces VAP cases and helps prevent cases rising.

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Mortality rate associated with Kidney Failure

Postoperative acute renal failure

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Which receptor is NOT involved in regulating nausea and vomiting?

Muscarinic

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pharmacological vs non-pharmacological VAP prevention

Head Elevation

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postoperative acute renal failure

Gradually progressive deterioration of renal functions

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