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Questions and Answers
What is the release of an accused person from custody, for all or part of the time before or during prosecution, on their promise to appear in court when required?
What is the release of an accused person from custody, for all or part of the time before or during prosecution, on their promise to appear in court when required?
Pretrial release
What is an appearance before a magistrate during which the legality of the defendant's arrest is initially assessed and the defendant is informed of the charges of which he or she is being held?
What is an appearance before a magistrate during which the legality of the defendant's arrest is initially assessed and the defendant is informed of the charges of which he or she is being held?
First appearance
What is a document guaranteeing the appearance of a defendant in court as required and recording the pledge of money or property to be paid to the court if he or she does not appear, which is signed by the person to be released and anyone else acting on his or her behalf?
What is a document guaranteeing the appearance of a defendant in court as required and recording the pledge of money or property to be paid to the court if he or she does not appear, which is signed by the person to be released and anyone else acting on his or her behalf?
Bail bond
What refers to the setting of bail in the form of land, houses, stocks, or other tangible property?
What refers to the setting of bail in the form of land, houses, stocks, or other tangible property?
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What law is intended to prevent the pretrial release of a criminal defendant judged to represent a danger to others in the community?
What law is intended to prevent the pretrial release of a criminal defendant judged to represent a danger to others in the community?
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What is the process of negotiating an agreement among the defendants, the prosecutor, and the court as to an appropriate plea and associated sentence in a given case?
What is the process of negotiating an agreement among the defendants, the prosecutor, and the court as to an appropriate plea and associated sentence in a given case?
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In criminal proceedings, what is the defendant's formal answer in court to the charge contained in any complaint, information, or indictment that he or she is guilty of the offense charged, is not guilty of the offense charged, or does not contest the charge?
In criminal proceedings, what is the defendant's formal answer in court to the charge contained in any complaint, information, or indictment that he or she is guilty of the offense charged, is not guilty of the offense charged, or does not contest the charge?
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What are court rules that govern the admissibility of evidence at a criminal hearing and trials?
What are court rules that govern the admissibility of evidence at a criminal hearing and trials?
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What is a federal law requiring that proceedings against a defendant in a federal criminal case begin within a specified period of time, such as 70 working days after indictment?
What is a federal law requiring that proceedings against a defendant in a federal criminal case begin within a specified period of time, such as 70 working days after indictment?
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What refers to a jury that is isolated from the public during the course of a trial and throughout the deliberation process?
What refers to a jury that is isolated from the public during the course of a trial and throughout the deliberation process?
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What refers to the process whereby, according to law and precedent, members of a jury are chosen?
What refers to the process whereby, according to law and precedent, members of a jury are chosen?
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What is oral evidence offered by a sworn witness on the witness stand during a criminal trial?
What is oral evidence offered by a sworn witness on the witness stand during a criminal trial?
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Anything useful to a judge or jury in deciding the facts of a case is considered ______.
Anything useful to a judge or jury in deciding the facts of a case is considered ______.
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Evidence that consists of physical material or traces of physical activity is known as ______.
Evidence that consists of physical material or traces of physical activity is known as ______.
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Evidence, if believed, that directly proves a fact is called ______ evidence.
Evidence, if believed, that directly proves a fact is called ______ evidence.
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Study Notes
Pretrial Activities and the Criminal Trial
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Release from Custody: A defendant can be released from custody, temporarily or entirely, before trial, if they promise to attend court.
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Initial Assessment: A magistrate assesses the legality of an arrest and informs the defendant of the charges.
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Documentary Guarantee: The defendant pledges money or property to guarantee court attendance; if they fail to appear, the pledged amount is forfeited. Collateral like land, houses or stocks are also acceptable.
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Bail: Setting bail to secure a suspect's release. Bail can involve property.
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Community Danger: This law prevents pretrial release of a criminal suspect if they pose a danger to the community.
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Plea Bargaining: Negotiations between the defendant, prosecutor, and court to determine a plea and sentence.
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Formal Plea: The defendant's formal response in court to the charges (guilty, not guilty, or no contest).
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Admissibility of Evidence: Court rules dictate what evidence is allowed in a criminal hearing or trial.
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Speedy Trial: A federal law that mandates a specified timeframe (e.g., 70 working days after indictment) for criminal proceedings.
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Sequestered Jury: A jury isolated from the public during trial deliberations to prevent outside influences.
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Jury Selection: The process of selecting jurors for a trial.
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Oral Testimony: Sworn testimony given by witnesses during a trial.
Evidence and Facts in Court
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Evidence for Judge/Jury: Anything helpful in determining the facts of a case.
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Physical Evidence: Material objects or traces of physical activity that can aid in determining facts.
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Direct Evidence: Evidence that proves a fact directly.
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Description
This quiz explores the key components of pretrial activities in the criminal justice system. It covers topics like bail, plea bargaining, and the conditions for pretrial release. Test your knowledge on the processes that precede a criminal trial and understand their implications.
