Pressure Measurement Basics
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Questions and Answers

Which type of manometer measures absolute pressure?

  • Inclined manometer
  • Cistern manometer (correct)
  • Industrial U-tube manometer
  • Simple U-tube manometer (correct)

    • What shape is NOT commonly used for diaphragms in capsule gauges?

  • Cylindrical (correct)
  • Dished
  • Flat
  • Conical (correct)

    • Which of the following is a type of differential pressure measurement?

  • Metallic capsule
  • Single diaphragm (correct)
  • Slack diaphragm
  • Metallic bellows (correct)

    • Which type of diaphragm is used in bellows?

    <p>Slack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pressure does a gauge pressure measurement indicate?

    <p>Pressure relative to atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines pressure in a physical context?

    <p>The normal force per unit area exerted by a fluid on any surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of static pressure?

    <p>Dynamic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation used to calculate pressure?

    <p>P = F/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is commonly used for measuring static pressure?

    <p>Manometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pressure is defined as the sum of atmospheric pressure and gauge pressure?

    <p>Absolute pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of manometer is the simplest form of pressure measurement?

    <p>Simple U-tube manometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pressure can vary over time?

    <p>Dynamic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method of measuring pressure?

    <p>Alternative liquid measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the gauge pressure measure?

    <p>Pressure relative to ambient atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a type of differential pressure measurement?

    <p>Inclined manometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pressure measurement is primarily associated with the Ring balance manometer?

    <p>Static pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following manometers utilizes a two-liquid setup?

    <p>Two-liquid U-tube manometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a pressure difference is applied across the partition in a Ring balance manometer, what occurs?

    <p>A rotating moment is established</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of pressure measured?

    <p>Vacuum pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using a two-liquid setup in pressure measurement?

    <p>It increases accuracy and sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pressure measurement types can provide a direct indication of atmospheric pressure?

    <p>Absolute pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using a two-liquid U-tube manometer for measuring small pressure differences?

    <p>The use of two liquids with different densities enhances sensitivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which application is a two-liquid U-tube manometer NOT commonly used?

    <p>Measuring atmospheric pressure at sea level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When measuring differential pressure, which device setup is typically employed?

    <p>Single diaphragm manometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'gauge pressure' refer to?

    <p>Pressure relative to atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pressure measurement is specifically highlighted for its sensitivity to low-density gases?

    <p>Differential pressure measurement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one common application of a two-liquid U-tube manometer in industrial processes?

    <p>Precise pressure control in chemical and pharmaceutical processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which manometer is particularly suitable for measuring small pressure changes?

    <p>Two-liquid U-tube manometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a typical manometric setup, what is the primary function of the diaphragm?

    <p>To serve as a pressure sensing element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are two-liquid U-tube manometers preferred for laboratory experiments involving precise air measurement?

    <p>They provide greater precision for low-pressure differences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a two-liquid U-tube manometer compensate for low-pressure fluctuations?

    <p>By employing liquids with significantly different densities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship expressed in the formula $p_1 - p_2 = g h (\rho_2 - \rho_1)$?

    <p>The pressure difference is proportional to the height difference of the liquids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is critical for accurately measuring pressure in ventilation systems using a two-liquid U-tube manometer?

    <p>Sensitivity to small pressure differences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using an inclined tube manometer compared to a simple U-tube manometer?

    <p>It provides a longer scale for measuring small differential pressures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the formula $p_1 - p_2 = \rho g d \cdot sin \alpha$, what does $d$ represent?

    <p>The distance measured along the incline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When comparing the pressures in an inclined tube manometer, which condition allows the ratio $A_2/A_1$ to be neglected?

    <p>When $A_1$ is large compared to $A_2$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of manometers is NOT mentioned as a type of differential pressure measurement device?

    <p>Digital manometer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is measured by a differential pressure manometer?

    <p>The difference between two pressures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter affects the accuracy of a manometer measurement?

    <p>The length of the inclined tube.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pressuring device employs diaphragms in its measurement mechanism?

    <p>Diaphragm stack.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When analyzing an inclined tube manometer, which of the following equations correctly relates pressure difference to fluid height?

    <p>$p_1 - p_2 = \rho g d \cdot sin \alpha$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'static pressure' generally refer to?

    <p>The pressure exerted by a fluid at rest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using a manometer?

    <p>To measure pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction

    • Inaccurate pressure measurement can lead to disasters

    Pressure Definition

    • Pressure is defined as the normal force per unit area exerted by a fluid on a surface
    • P=F/A, where P - Pressure, F - Normal force, A - Area

    Types of Pressure

    • Two types of pressures exist: Static and Dynamic
    • Static Pressure: force is constant in time
    • Dynamic Pressure: force is varying in time

    Static Pressure Measurement

    • Static pressure measurements include: Absolute, Gauge, and Differential Pressure
    • Pabs = Patm + Pg, where Pabs - Absolute pressure, Patm - Atmospheric pressure, Pg - Gauge pressure

    Static Pressure Measurement Methods

    • Manometers are used to measure static pressures
    • Manometers can be classified as the following:
      • Simple U-tube Manometer
      • Industrial U-Tube Manometer
      • Cistern Manometer
      • Two-liquid U-Tube Manometer
      • Inclined Manometer
      • The ring balance
      • Diaphragms and bellows: Single diaphragm, diaphragm stack, metallic capsule, metallic bellows

    The Simple U-tube Manometer

    • Consists of a U-shaped glass tube containing liquid
    • Two liquid U-tube manometer: p1 - p2 = g h 𝜌2 - 𝜌1

    Applications of Two-liquid U-tube manometer

    • Measurement of Small Pressure Differences in Low-Pressure Systems: used in labs, research settings, air measurement systems to measure small pressure differences
    • Gas and Airflow Measurement in HVAC Systems: used for monitoring airflow in ventilation ducts and filters, provides precision
    • Differential Pressure Measurement for Low-Density Gases: used in fuel cells, controlled gas supply systems to measure differential pressures in gases with low density
    • Industrial Processes Requiring High Sensitivity: used in chemical and pharmaceutical industries where sensitive reactions or materials are used

    The Ring Balance Manometer

    • P1 = P2, P1 > P2
    • When there is a pressure difference, a rotating moment is setup

    The Inclined Tube Manometer

    • Increase in accuracy due to the increased length of the scale
    • p1 - p2 = 𝜌𝑔 ℎ1 + ℎ
    • ℎ = 𝑑 sin 𝛼
    • ℎ1 = 𝐴2/𝐴1 ⋅𝑑
    • p1 - p2 = 𝜌𝑔𝑑 𝐴2/𝐴1 + sin 𝛼
    • If A1>>A2: p1 - p2 = 𝜌𝑔𝑑 ⋅ sin 𝛼 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ
    • Sensitivity of the inclined tube manometer is given by: 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐. = 𝑑/ℎ.

    Metallic Capsule

    • Used in capsule gauges
    • Common shapes of diaphragms: Dished, Flat, and c

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    Pressure Measurement PDF - April 2021

    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of pressure measurement, including the definitions, types of pressure, and methods for measuring static pressure. You will learn about different types of manometers and their classifications. Test your understanding of pressure equations and measurement principles.

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